Comparison of individuals consuming natural spring water and tap water in terms of urinary tract stone disease

Abstract

Objectives: To compare individuals consuming natural spring water and tap water in terms of presence of urinary tract stone disease. Patients and methods: Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of the type of water: tap water (Group I) vs natural spring water consumers (Group II). The two groups were compared in terms of presence of urolithiasis. In addition to the type of water consumed, participants were investigated in terms of age, sex, occupation, body mass index (BMI) and presence of hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus in order to evaluate if they constituted a risk factor for urolithiasis. Results: Two hundred fifty-nine patients consuming tap water and 254 consuming natural spring water were included in this study. Presence of urinary stone disease was determined in 27% of patients in Group I and 26% of Group II (p = 0.794). At multivariate analysis involving all variables that might be correlated with the presence of urolithiasis; male gender, high BMI and presence of HT emerged as being significantly associated with urolithiasis. Conclusions: Although we showed that male gender, presence of HT and high BMI affect stone formation, no difference was demonstated in terms of presence of stone among patients consuming tap or natural spring water

Prevalence of Renal Colic in the Emergency Departments: A Multi-center Study

“…9 Other studies also indicate a higher prevalence of the disease in men. [10][11][12] In the present study, most of the patients' BMI was > 25 kg/cm 2 . Scales et al, in their study, asserted that the prevalence of kidney stones was higher in obese people than those with a normal weight.…”

“…6 Resorlu et al also showed that hypertension plays a significant role in developing kidney stones. 10 The daily consumption of water was less than 3 liters in most of our patients. However, in a 2002 study by Morton et al in the United States, it was stated that the risk of developing kidney stones was high in the people who consumed low amounts of fluids per day.…”

“…Scales et al, in their study, asserted that the prevalence of kidney stones was higher in obese people than those with a normal weight. 6 Furthermore, the association of obesity with renal colic has also been established in a study by Resorlu et al 10 These observations show that the risk of kidney stones may increase with weight gain.…”