Comparison of in vitro and in vivo biological activity of mycotoxins

Terse, Pramod; Madhyastha, M. S.; Zurovac, O.; Stringfellow, D.A.; Marquardt, R. R.; Kemppainen, Barbara W.

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(93)90228-b

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The HepG 2 was employed because this cell line has maintained many functions associated with fully differentiated primary hepatocytes including Phase I and Phase II enzyme activities (Ehrlich et al, 2002;Tolleson et al, 1996). Although to our knowledge, the cytotoxic dose response of HepG 2 in regard to AFB 1 exposure has not been fully characterized, the present results (IC 50 1.0 µM AFB 1 ) are in line with similar studies in which the IC 50 values ranged from 0.065 µM in B-CMV1A2 cell line to 14 µM in BE12-6 cells (Lewis et al, 1999;Terse et al, 1993). The BEAS-2B cell line is an SV-40 immortalized cell line originating from normal human bronchiolar epithelium (NHBE) progenitor cells (Reddel et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines

et al. 2006

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin (T-2) are important food-borne mycotoxins that have been implicated in human health and as potential biochemical weapons threats. In this study the acute and combinative toxicity of AFB1 and T-2 were tested in F-344 rats, mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), immortalized human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Preliminary experiments were conducted in order to assess the acute toxicity and to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for individual toxins in each model, respectively. This was followed by testing combinations of AFB1 and T-2 to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for the combination in each model. All models demonstrated a significant dose response in the observed parameters to treatment. The potency of the mixture was gauged through the determination of the interaction index metric. The results of this study demonstrate that these two toxins interacted to produce alterations in the toxic responses generally classifiable as additive; however, a synergistic interaction was noted in the case of BEAS-2B. It can be gathered that this combination may pose a significant threat to public health and further research needs to be completed addressing alterations in metabolism and detoxification that may influence the toxic manifestations in combination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines

et al. 2006

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“…Pure cultures of ruminal bacteria Anaerovibrio lipolytica, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Selenomonas ruminantium deacylated T-2 toxin (Westlake et al, 1987a;Westlake et al, 1987b); B. fibrisolvens deacetylated 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol to 15-acetylscirpenol (Matsushima et al, 1996). While deacetylated products of T-2 toxin exhibit substantially reduced cytotoxicity (Babich and Borenfreund, 1991;Terse et al, 1993), 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol and 15-acetylscirpenol were equally toxic (Richardson and Hamilton, 1990). Rhizopus arrhizus hydroxylated verrucarin A at position 16 and verrucarin B at positions 16 (major product) and 3' (minor product) (Pavanasasivam and Jarvis, 1983).…”

Section: Trichothecenesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biological detoxification of fungal toxins and its use in plant breeding, feed and food production

1999

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“…In comparison with fumonisin B1 (FB1) and MON, T-2 toxin was the least toxic Fusarium metabolite. Concentrations required to cause a >50% reduction in growth were 13 #M 1-1 (10 #g ml-I) for FBI, 102 #M 1-a (10 #gml-~) forMON, and215 #M 1 -I (100#gm1-1) for T-2 toxin [67]. Chang and Xue [69] had previously reported a decreased activity of wheat protoplasts exposed to 30-50 ppm T-2 toxin.…”

Section: T-2 Toxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both toxins are produced by F. sporotrichioides, which is generally regarded as a weak plant pathogen [30]. T-2 toxin is reported to be more toxic to animal cells than most of the other trichothecenes [66,67], and is implicated in human alimentary toxic aleukia, reported in Russia since the 19th century.…”

Section: T-2 Toxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phytotoxicity ofFusarium metabolites: An update since 1989

McLean

1996

Mycopathologia

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The present article summarises the published phytotoxic effects of severalFusarium metabolites (mycotoxins, phytotoxins, antibiotics and pigments) since 1989. The phytotoxicity of many of the commonly isolated metabolites cannot be disputed, but their role in pathogenesis ofFusarium-induced plant diseases is uncertain. Plant species/varieties differ in their susceptibililty resistance to these toxinsin vitro, as well as toFusarium pathogens under field conditions. Such variations in plant response may reflect resistance mechanisms that operate at several levels, including an initial ability to prevent fungal invasion; prevention of fungal spread and toxin tolerance or degradation. Little is known about the mode of action of most of these metabolites on either animal or plant cells. Several novelFusarium metabolites have been isolated in the past few years. Many are toxic to animals and cell lines, but assessment of their phytotoxicity has largely been neglected. Since many plant pathogenic Fusaria produce a plethora of metabolites, the additive or synergistic actions of toxins in combination must be considered in plant pathology.

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Comparison of in vitro and in vivo biological activity of mycotoxins

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines

Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines

Biological detoxification of fungal toxins and its use in plant breeding, feed and food production

The phytotoxicity ofFusarium metabolites: An update since 1989

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