Comparison of important parameters of spring and winter barley cultivated in sugar beet production area of Czech Republic

Abstract

Both spring and winter barley were sown after a forecrop of winter rape. Three registered model varieties of six row and two row winter barley reached in the period 1999-2001 significantly higher yield than three model varieties of spring barley. Two row spring and winter varieties produced significantly higher thousand grain weight (TGW) than six row winter barley. The resistance to diseases and lodging (correlation coefficient with resistance to powdery mildew represent 0.68 ** , rust 0.72 ** , lodging 0.61 ** ) was the most important factor determining the yield. Resistance to rust has influenced sieving on 2.5 mm, correlation coefficient reached value 0.88 ** . No significant differences were determined in any malting quality parameter when varieties of two row winter barley variety (Tiffany), and spring barley varieties (Akcent and Tolar) were compared. Variety Tolar reached higher parameters for friability and a beta glucan content. Between years, significant differences were found in following parameters: protein content and apparent degree of attenuation. Due to reduction of area sown with spring barley and reduced yield potential, two row winter barley varieties with comparable malting parameters are recommended to be cultivated as the reserve crop for malting barley industry demands.

The Effects of Seed Pretreatment with Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on the Water Balance of Spring and Winter Wheat Seedlings under Short-Time Water Deficit

“…Drought-induced reduction in DW in chickpea plants depended on their stress-sensitivity [12]. But there is limited information on the comparative analysis of the PGP microbes influence on spring and winter wheat cultivars under water deficit conditions [2]. In our experiments, a difference in the growth responses of spring wheat and winter wheat varieties to bacterial treatment and osmotic stress was revealed.…”

“…Plants on Earth are exposed to different abiotic and biotic stress factors; drought is the most widespread among them [1][2][3]. Water deficit affects all parts of plant metabolism and causes a significant inhibition of the growth and productivity of cultivated plants [1,4].…”

“…The cultivated areas of winter and spring wheat plants occupied more than 35% of the total crop area. Spring wheat seeds are sown in the spring, plants grow during the summer, and grains ripen in the fall [2]. Winter wheat seeds are sown in the fall and germinate before the cold weather; plants survive under the snow, continue their life cycle during the spring, and ripen earlier than spring crops.…”

“…Spring cultivars grow more slowly and are more easily affected by weeds than winter cultivars. Winter cultivars tend to produce higher yields than spring cultivars due to their cold resistance and the ability to use the water obtained as a result of melting snow [2].…”

“…Drought is especially critical for wheat plants during the initial phases of development: germination and growth of young seedlings. Winter and spring wheat plants can have different reactions in terms of their water balance in changeable and stressful environmental conditions, in particular, under the influence of water deficit [2]. One of the key problems of modern biological science is the search for effective and environmentally safe ways to protect plants from adverse external influences.…”