Comparison of genomic and predicted amino acid sequences of respiratory and enteric bovine coronaviruses isolated from the same animal with fatal shipping pneumonia

Abstract

The complete genome sequences are reported here of two field isolates of bovine coronavirus (BCoV), which were isolated from respiratory and intestinal samples of the same animal experiencing fatal pneumonia during a bovine shipping fever epizootic. Both genomes contained 31 028 nucleotides and included 13 open reading frames (ORFs) flanked by 5h-and 3h-untranslated regions (UTRs). ORF1a and ORF1b encode replicative polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab, respectively, that contain all of the putative functional domains documented previously for the closest relative, mouse hepatitis virus. The genomes of the BCoV isolates differed in 107 positions, scattered throughout the genome except the 5h-UTR. Differences in 25 positions were non-synonymous and were located in all proteins except pp1b. Six replicase mutations were identified within or immediately downstream of the predicted largest pp1a-derived protein, p195/ p210. Single amino acid changes within p195/ p210 as well as within the S glycoprotein might contribute to the different phenotypes of the BCoV isolates.Coronaviruses are important causes of human and animal diseases that include respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, hepatic and neurological disorders as well as immune-mediated disease such as feline infectious peritonitis, and other persistent infections (reviewed in Spaan et al., 1988 ;Wege et al., 1982). We investigated two different epizootics of acute respiratory

Drug Design Targeting the Main Protease, the Achilles Heel of Coronaviruses

“…As the largest RNA viruses known to date, the size of coronavirus genomes range from 27 to 31 kb [5,7,8,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. About two-thirds of the genome encodes two overlapping polyproteins, pp1a (450-500 kDa) and pp1ab (750-800 kDa), which undergo extensive proteolytic processing by viral proteases to produce multiple functional subunits.…”

Severe outbreak of bovine coronavirus infection in dairy cattle during the warmer season

“…BCoV is the causative agent of severe diarrhoea in newborn calves (Snodgrass et al, 1986), winter dysentery in adult cows (Saif et al, 1991;Cho et al, 2000), and respiratory tract illness in calves and adults (Lathrop et al, 2000;Storz et al, 2000). The same virus strain could be responsible for simultaneous appearance of enteric and respiratory disease in the same animals (Chouljenko et al, 2001) as well as in both calves and adults (Tråvén et al, 2001).…”

The Infectivity and Pathogenicity of a Group 2 Bovine Coronavirus in Pups

“…Its involvement in respiratory disease has also been reported [2,6,7,12,13]. HCoV-OC43 causes the common cold in humans [1].…”