Comparison of frost damages in eleven olive cultivars after two freezing events in central Italy

Lodolini, E.M.; Alfei, B.; Cioccolanti, Tonino; Zucchini, Matteo; Neri, Davide

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2022.1346.21

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Furthermore, the Logrosán-Guadalupe region is the sole area that encounters severe frosts for 5-10 days and more than 10 days, with a probability of 2.1% and 3.1%, respectively. This can significantly affect olive production in the region, as repeated severe frosts can lead to defoliation [16]. Therefore, this variable is a distinguishing factor for olive cultivation in Extremadura.…”

Section: Frost Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Climate and Topography of Olive Orchards in Extremadura, Southwestern Spain

Honorio,

Aguirado,

Paniagua

et al. 2024

Land

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The olive tree is a significant woody crop in the Mediterranean basin, with the primary olive-growing areas located in the south and southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Climate plays a crucial role in crop distribution, viability, production, and yield. The climatic and topographical conditions of Extremadura in southwestern Spain, were analysed to characterise and group the olive-growing areas. To achieve this, a Geographic Information System (GIS) was developed to locate all registered olive tree plots. The orientations and elevations of these were analysed, along with the average, minimum, and maximum temperatures, precipitation, and frost for the period of 1990–2021. The study reveals that olive groves in Extremadura are primarily situated at elevations ranging from 200 to 600 m above sea level. Additionally, it was found that the least common orientation is towards the north. Temperatures are not a constraint for olive growing, except in the mountainous areas in the north of the region; however, rainfall can be a limiting factor. In fact, 50% of the olive-growing area receives less rainfall than is considered adequate for optimal production. Frost days and the low probability of severe frosts are not a problem for olive growing in this region, except in the highest parts of the region. The scale of this study, at plantation level, will enable the implementation of measures aimed at climate change adaptation and mitigation.

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Section: Frost Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Climate and Topography of Olive Orchards in Extremadura, Southwestern Spain

Honorio,

Aguirado,

Paniagua

et al. 2024

Land

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“…Valverde et al [17] showed how after a late frost 'Rosciola Colli Esini' was into the "low susceptibility" cluster, with low level of disease and low level of injury due to frost (confirmed also by Lodolini e al. [30,31]). In the present investigation, opposite results to those reported by these authors were obtained in protected environment with young pot trees.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Knot formation and spread along the shoot stem in 13 olive cultivars inoculated with an indigenous pathobiome of 7 species of Pseudomonas including Pseudomonas savastanoi

Zucchini

Maoloni

Lodolini³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Olive knot is a widely spread disease among olive (Olea europaea L.) trees. Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is recognized as the primary causative agent of the disease however, recent evidence indicated that consortia of bacteria (pathobiome), may favor its development. Several factors are involved in the host-plant relationship and affect the intensity of the symptoms. Among these the presence of wounds, or damages to the plants’ tissues may affect the intensity and propagation of the disease. It remains unknown whether or not bacteria move from an infected wound to another not infected one via shoot tissues. The present investigation focused on the susceptibility to olive knot of several cultivars after inoculating artificial wounds with selected Pseudomonas species, while spreading the disease from these to wounds on the same stem, that had not been purposefully inoculated. The pathobiome for the inoculum was prepared with 7 species of Pseudomonas (including Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi), isolated from knot samples collected from two different, heavily infected olive orchards. The inoculation was done after the manual execution of 10 horizontal wounds on the stem of potted plants of 13 olive cultivars grown in the greenhouse. Only the lowest 5 wounds were inoculated. The inoculated wounds showed a maximum percentage of knots after 187 days. All 13 cultivars showed knots yet, the cultivar with the most severe disease level to Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi was ‘Rosciola colli Esini’. The metataxonomic analysis performed on the olive knots removed after 225 days confirmed the dominance of the inoculated species Pseudomonas savastanoi in all the assayed cultivars. The not inoculated wounds did not show the knot disease likely because the bacterium’s inability to transmigrate from the inoculated wounds to the non-inoculated ones.

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“…For decades, the assessment of the cold tolerance of the cultivars has been studied in olive ( Bartolozzi and Fontanazza, 1999 ; Barranco and Gómez-del Campo, 2005 ; Lodolini et al., 2016 , 2022 ), even though contradictory results have been reported. This is due to a lack of knowledge of the specific requirements for each cultivar to achieve full acclimation and de-acclimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An easy methodology for frost tolerance assessment in olive cultivars

Valverde,

Lodolini,

Giorgi

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionOlive cultivation, like other evergreen fruit crops worldwide, is limited by the occurrence of frost episodes in different times of the year, mainly in winter or early spring. Some contradictory results are reported about cultivars’ response to frost, which depends on the physiological stage of the tissues (acclimated or not acclimated) when the cold or frost episode occurs. This work aimed to implement a user-friendly and reliable lab method for discerning frost tolerance.MethodsOur methodology considered both detached leaves and potted plantlets. The optimal temperature at which damage differentiated between cultivars was evaluated, as well as the time of exposure to cold and the recovery time for the correct evaluation of the symptoms. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of damage on both young and mature leaves was conducted. To validate the efficacy of the methodology, assessments were conducted on the cultivars ‘Arbequina’ (tolerant), ‘Picual’ (moderately tolerant), and ‘Frantoio’ (susceptible) under acclimated and non-acclimated conditions.Results and discussionThe results indicated that, when detached leaves were used for frost evaluation, a temperature of -10°C ± 1°C for 30 min and a recovery time at 26°C for 24–48 h after exposure to cold are enough to induce damages on the leaves and discriminate between cultivar susceptibility. Under these conditions, a precise assessment of symptoms can be made, facilitating the categorization of frost tolerance level in various olive cultivars. Notably, no significant differences were observed between young and mature leaves during the evaluation process. On the other hand, the critical temperature to assess damages on potted plantlets was determined to be -7°C ± 1°C. In addition, it was observed that acclimated plants exhibited fewer symptoms compared to non-acclimated ones, with ‘Frantoio’ being the most affected alongside ‘Picual’ and ‘Arbequina’.ConclusionThe implemented methodology will allow the assessment of frost tolerance in several olive cultivars within a short timeframe, and it is proven to be user-friendly and reliable.

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Comparison of frost damages in eleven olive cultivars after two freezing events in central Italy

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring the Climate and Topography of Olive Orchards in Extremadura, Southwestern Spain

Exploring the Climate and Topography of Olive Orchards in Extremadura, Southwestern Spain

Knot formation and spread along the shoot stem in 13 olive cultivars inoculated with an indigenous pathobiome of 7 species of Pseudomonas including Pseudomonas savastanoi

An easy methodology for frost tolerance assessment in olive cultivars

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