Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

Simolka, Matthias; Kaess, H.; Friedrich, K. Andreas

doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.46

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The reduction of electrochemical activity of cathode material due to cycling was shown for LFP cathodes. 63 In addition to the peak intensity, the width of the peaks delivers additional information about the different voltage plateaus and phase transitions. A decrease in the peak width indicates for the IC a flattening of the voltage plateau, while for the DV it indicates a decrease of the length (regarding time or capacity) of the voltage transition during the phase transformation.…”

Section: Half-cell Measurements Of Cathodes From Cells Aged At 55 °C-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cycling Profile, Depth of Discharge and Temperature on Commercial LFP/C Cell Ageing: Cell Level Analysis with ICA, DVA and OCV Measurements

Simolka

Heger

Traub

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper uses several techniques to monitor the ageing of commercial LiFePO 4 cells, which are cycled at 55 °C and −20 °C at various depths of discharge. Ageing at lower depth of discharge leads to higher capacity fading, as compared to higher depth of discharge. The highest capacity fading is observed using 50% depth of discharge for cycling at 55 °C, while the lowest capacity fading is observed for the cells aged at 100% depth of discharge when cycled at −20 °C. Using incremental capacity analysis and differential voltage analysis the capacity fading is monitored and underlying ageing mechanisms are described. The loss of lithium inventory and the loss of active material, especially on the cathode side, are the major degradation mechanisms for the cells. The first incremental capacity analysis peak of the discharge process can be used in our case to predict remaining life and cell capacity.

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Section: Half-cell Measurements Of Cathodes From Cells Aged At 55 °C-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cycling Profile, Depth of Discharge and Temperature on Commercial LFP/C Cell Ageing: Cell Level Analysis with ICA, DVA and OCV Measurements

Simolka

Heger

Traub

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In comparison to anodes, cathodes have been less deeply studied via EC-AFM. As far as the cathodic materials of LiBs are concerned, the employment of in situ EC-AFM has regarded mostly the topographic and mechanism investigation of the processes consisting in the solid state transformations of LiMn 2 O 4 , [50,101] LiFePO 4 , [102,103] Li 2 S [104,105] and LiNi x Mn y Co 1-x-y O 2 (NMC) [106] during lithiation/delithiation cycles. A typical information of EC-AFM is represented by the visualization of the Li deposit occurring on a graphite surface during galvanostatic charging (Figure 2) [75] or the formation of a SEI layer during cyclic operation of a HOPG anode (Figures 3 and 4) [35,76].…”

Section: Ec-afm For the Analysis Of Libs Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Multiscale Characterization of Li-Ion Batteries through the Combined Use of Atomic Force Microscopy and X-ray Microscopy and Considerations for a Correlative Analysis of the Reviewed Data

Dini

Cognigni

Passeri

et al. 2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The present review analyses the recent literature on the combined use of X-ray microscopy (XRM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for multiscale characterization of Li+ (or Li) batteries (LiBs) with the aim of developing guidelines for correlative analysis. The usefulness of XRM resides in the capability of affording non invasively in situ images of the inner parts of a LiB (an encapsulated device) with spatial resolution of dozens of nm during operation. XRM is non destructive and affords the early diagnosis of LiBs degradation causes when these manifest themselves as microdeformations. Multiscale characterization of LiBs also requires AFM for visualizing the morphological/physical alterations of LiB components (anodes, cathodes, electrolyte) at the sub-nanometer level. Different to XRM, AFM necessitates of a modification of LiB working configuration since AFM uses a contacting probe whereas XRM exploits radiation-matter interactions and does not require LiB dissection. A description of the working principles of the two techniques is provided to evidence which technical aspects have to be considered for achieving a meaningful correlative analysis of LiBs. In delineating new perspectives for the analysis of LiBs we will consider additional complementary techniques. Among various AFM-based techniques particular emphasis is given to electrochemical AFM (EC-AFM).

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“…Generally, in Electrochemical Strain Microscopy (ESM) an alternating voltage with the same frequency as the Contact Resonance Frequency (CRF) between the conductive tip and sample is applied in contact mode. The electrical field at the tip forces mobile lithium ions inside the material towards or away from the tip [34,35]. The signal origin of ESM in electrolytes was discussed recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Interface between Ceramic Particles and Polymer Matrix in Hybrid Electrolytes by Electrochemical Strain Microscopy

et al. 2022

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The interface between ceramic particles and a polymer matrix in a hybrid electrolyte is studied with high spatial resolution by means of esm, an afm-based technique. The electrolyte consists of peo6 and tallz. The individual components are differentiated by their respective contact resonance, esm amplitude and friction signals. The esm signal shows increased amplitudes and higher contact resonance frequencies on the ceramic particles, while lower amplitudes and lower contact resonance frequencies are present on the bulk polymer phase. The amplitude distribution of the hybrid electrolyte shows a broader distribution in comparison to pure peo6. In the direct vicinity of the particles, an interfacial area with enhanced amplitude signals is found. These results are an important contribution to elucidate the influence of the ceramic–polymer interaction on the conductivity of hybrid electrolytes.

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Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Influence of Cycling Profile, Depth of Discharge and Temperature on Commercial LFP/C Cell Ageing: Cell Level Analysis with ICA, DVA and OCV Measurements

Influence of Cycling Profile, Depth of Discharge and Temperature on Commercial LFP/C Cell Ageing: Cell Level Analysis with ICA, DVA and OCV Measurements

Review—Multiscale Characterization of Li-Ion Batteries through the Combined Use of Atomic Force Microscopy and X-ray Microscopy and Considerations for a Correlative Analysis of the Reviewed Data

Investigating the Interface between Ceramic Particles and Polymer Matrix in Hybrid Electrolytes by Electrochemical Strain Microscopy

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