Comparison of four methods for measuring osmotic potential of tree leaves

Callister, Andrew; Arndt, Stefan K.; Adams, Mark A.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2006.00652.x

Cited by 65 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Expressed sap was obtained from thawed samples following the procedure of Callister et al (2006); we made a fine hole at the base of each microtube, inserted the tube firmly into another empty 2-ml microtube and centrifuged for 15 min at 9,000 r.p.m. (Centronic; Selecta, Abrera, Barcelona).…”

Section: Sap Osmolality In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic lift and tolerance to salinity of semiarid species: consequences for species interactions

et al. 2009

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The different abilities of plant species to use ephemeral or permanent water sources strongly affect physiological performance and species coexistence in water-limited ecosystems. In addition to withstanding drought, plants in coastal habitats often have to withstand highly saline soils, an additional ecological stress. Here we tested whether observed competitive abilities and C-water relations of two interacting shrub species from an arid coastal system were more related to differences in root architecture or salinity tolerance. We explored water sources of interacting Juniperus phoenicea Guss. and Pistacia lentiscus L. plants by conducting physiology measurements, including water relations, CO2 exchange, photochemical efficiency, sap osmolality, and water and C isotopes. We also conducted parallel soil analyses that included electrical conductivity, humidity, and water isotopes. During drought, Pistacia shrubs relied primarily on permanent salty groundwater, while isolated Juniperus plants took up the scarce and relatively fresh water stored in upper soil layers. As drought progressed further, the physiological activity of Juniperus plants nearly stopped while Pistacia plants were only slightly affected. Juniperus plants growing with Pistacia had stem-water isotopes that matched Pistacia, unlike values for isolated Juniperus plants. This result suggests that Pistacia shrubs supplied water to nearby Juniperus plants through hydraulic lift. This lifted water, however, did not appear to benefit Juniperus plants, as their physiological performance with co-occurring Pistacia plants was poor, including lower water potentials and rates of photosynthesis than isolated plants. Juniperus was more salt sensitive than Pistacia, which withstood salinity levels similar to that of groundwater. Overall, the different abilities of the two species to use salty water appear to drive the outcome of their interaction, resulting in asymmetric competition where Juniperus is negatively affected by Pistacia. Salt also seems to mediate the interaction between the two species, negating the potential positive effects of an additional water source via hydraulic lift.

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Section: Sap Osmolality In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic lift and tolerance to salinity of semiarid species: consequences for species interactions

et al. 2009

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“…Por conseguinte, há restrição ao acúmulo de massa (SILVA, 1998), prejudicando tanto no crescimento inicial das plantas como nos estádios mais tardios, limitando a dimensão das folhas individuais, o número de folhas, o número e taxas de crescimento dos ramos e o crescimento do caule (OSÓRIO et al, 1998) O estresse hídrico por escassez de água ocorre quando a baixa disponibilidade de água afeta os processos fisiológicos (SILVA, 1998), como transpiração, fotossíntese, abertura estomática (FLEXAS et al, 2002;CHAVES et al, 2003;WRIGHT et al, 2004), produção de ácido abscísico (TAYLOR et al, 2000;SEKI et al, 2007) e ajuste osmótico (BRAY, 1997;CALLISTER et al, 2006). De acordo com Nogueira et al (2005), o efeito da deficiência hídrica sobre as plantas é complexo, não havendo um mecanismo universal de resistência à seca, pois as plantas respondem através de vários processos adaptativos à escassez de água como, por exemplo, através da capacidade de reduzir o potencial hídrico, aliada a adaptações morfológicas, anatômicas e fisiológicas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Respostas fisiológicas de diferentes clones de eucalipto sob diferentes regimes de irrigação

et al. 2008

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1RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de clones de Eucalyptus spp. em diferentes regimes hídricos, em casa de vegetação, visando subsidiar trabalhos de melhoramento quanto à tolerância ao estresse hídrico. O experimento foi conduzido por 73 dias, em delineamento em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 18 x 4 (18 clones e quatro regimes de irrigação: diária e a cada dois, quatro e seis dias), com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se o incremento relativo em altura, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, área foliar, matéria seca de folhas, de caule e de raízes, razão raiz/parte aérea, taxa líquida de fotossíntese, condutância estomática, transpiração e potencial hídrico foliar. As avaliações fisiológicas foram realizadas um dia antes e um dia depois da irrigação de cada tratamento. Todas as características apresentaram diferenças significativas tanto entre os genótipos quanto entre os regimes hídricos. As estimativas do coeficiente de determinação genotípico apresentaram valores acima de 0,86 quanto às características de crescimento e entre 0,46 e 0,84 com relação às fisiológicas. Em geral, os clones apresentaram reduções nas características analisadas à medida que a freqüência de irrigação diminuiu, mas em proporções variáveis entre eles. Foi possível identificar material genético promissor para trabalhos de melhoramento visando à tolerância ao estresse hídrico. Palavras-chave: Estresse hídrico, parâmetros fisiológicos e Eucalyptus spp GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF EUCALYPT CLONES UNDER DIFFERENTS WATER REGIMES

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“…Leaves were tightly wrapped in aluminium foil, frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80ºC. After thawing, sap was collected by centrifuging at 8,000 rpm at 4ºC and placed in the osmometer (modified from Callister et al, 2006). Osmolyte content (mmol/kg) was converted into MPa using the Van't Hoff equation (Penella et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological changes of pepper accessions in response to salinity and water stress

López-Serrano

Penella

Bautista

et al. 2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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New sources of water stress and salinity tolerances are needed for crops grown in marginal lands. Pepper is considered one of the most important crops in the world. Many varieties belong to the genus Capsicum spp., and display wide variability in tolerance/ sensitivity terms in response to drought and salinity stress. The objective was to screen seven salt/drought-tolerant pepper accessions to breed new cultivars that could overcome abiotic stresses, or be used as new crops in land with water and salinity stress. Fast and effective physiological traits were measured to achieve the objective. The present study showed wide variability of the seven pepper accessions in response to both stresses. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration reduced mainly under salinity due to stomatal and non-stomatal (Na + accumulation) constraints and, to a lesser extent, in the accessions grown under water stress. A positive relationship between CO 2 fixation and fresh weight generation was observed for both stresses. Decreases in Ψ s and Ψ w and increased proline were observed only when accessions were grown under salinity. However, these factors were not enough to alleviate salt effects and an inverse relation was noted between plant salt tolerance and proline accumulation. Under water stress, A31 was the least affected and A34 showed the best tolerance to salinity in terms of photosynthesis and biomass.Additional keywords: osmotic potential; photosynthesis; proline; salinity ions; water potential. Abbreviations used: A N (maximum net CO 2 fixation rate); A N /C i (instantaneous carboxylation efficiency); C i (substomatal CO 2 concentration); DW (dry weight); E (transpiration); ETc (evapotranspiration); FW (fresh weight); g s (stomatal conductance to water vapour); Ψ s (osmotic potential); Ψ w (water potential).

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Comparison of four methods for measuring osmotic potential of tree leaves

Cited by 65 publications

References 47 publications

Hydraulic lift and tolerance to salinity of semiarid species: consequences for species interactions

Hydraulic lift and tolerance to salinity of semiarid species: consequences for species interactions

Respostas fisiológicas de diferentes clones de eucalipto sob diferentes regimes de irrigação

Physiological changes of pepper accessions in response to salinity and water stress

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