Comparison of four low-technology composting methods for market crop wastes

Tumuhairwe, John Baptist; Tenywa, J. S.; Otabbong, Erasmus; Ledin, Stig

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.03.015

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…For instance, initial C/N ratio of the 100%YW feedstock was reduced around 56 and 65%, respectively, in case of EM and SE additives' application. Similar reduction percentages in initial C/N ratio were reported by other researchers (Jusoh et al 2013;Makan and Mountadar 2012;Tumuhairwe et al 2009). Organic carbon gets converted to CO 2 during composting process and, with minimal nitrogen loss the C/N ratio of compost will eventually decrease (Rasapoor et al 2016).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

In-vessel co-composting of yard waste and food waste: an approach for sustainable waste management in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Malakahmad

Idrus

Abualqumboz

et al. 2017

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Huge amount of yard waste is produced in cities with excessive agricultural activities like Cameron Highlands, Malaysia where most of the time the yard waste is being managed poorly and big portion of it ends in dump sites. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the applicability of converting yard waste generated in Cameron Highlands Malaysia into high-quality and fast compost via in-vessel method. Methods In-vessel composting technique was applied for speedy biotransformation of yard waste. Addition of food waste, effective microorganisms (EM) and Shimamoto Enzyme Ò (SE) were investigated for improvement of compost quality. Four compositions of feedstock with different yard waste (YW) and food waste (FW) ratios were tested. The compositions were 70%YW ? 30%FW, 80%YW ? 20%FW, 90%YW ? 10%FW and 100%YW. Physicochemical properties of compost including pH, moisture content and C/N ratio were monitored throughout the experiment. Furthermore, quality of compost and its potential for direct application after production were evaluated based on germination index (GI) and nutrient content (NPK). Results The compost samples had pH ranging from 7 to 9 and moisture content of 15.45-32.13%. Initial C/N ratio of all feedstock was decreased throughout the composting process by more than 50%. Seed germination test showed that only 70%YW ? 30%FW feedstock produced immature compost with GI \ 80%. The highest GI of 130% was obtained when FW represented in 10% of the feedstock with addition of EM. Average concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 1.73, 1.21 and 1.66% in case of EM additive and 1.47, 0.56 and 1.74% in case of SE additive. Conclusion Application of in-vessel composting can improve solid waste management in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia and yield a high-demand product. The approach used in this study can be a good practice for the societies have difficulties in managing their yard waste.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

In-vessel co-composting of yard waste and food waste: an approach for sustainable waste management in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Malakahmad

Idrus

Abualqumboz

et al. 2017

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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“…Amoding et al (2005), Karungi et al (2010) and Relationship between temperature and time required to inactivate certain pathogens (according to Feachem et al, 1983, graphic adopted from Vögeli et al, 2014; corresponding combinations of time and temperature for the described possible treatments are indicated) Tumuhairwe et al (2009). EcoSan facilitates cocomposting of human excreta as an alternative to conventional sanitation systems.…”

Section: Composting and Ecological Sanitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient recycling from sanitation and energy systems to the agroecosystem- Ecological research on case studies in Karagwe, Tanzania

Krause¹,

Kaupenjohann²,

George³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Open cycles of organic carbon and nutrients cause soil degradation. Procedures such as ecological sanitation (EcoSan), bioenergy and Terra Preta practice (TPP) can contribute to closing nutrient cycles and may, in addition, sequester carbon. This paper introduces three projects in Karagwe, Tanzania, and their applied approach of integrated resource management to capture carbon and nutrients from different waste flows. Substrates derived from these case studies, biogas slurry, compost and CaSacompost (containing biochar and sanitized human excreta), were assessed for their nutrient content by analysis of the total element composition. Evaluation focused on potential impacts of the tested amendments on the nutrient availability in the soil as well as on the local soil nutrient balance. Results revealed that all substrates show appropriate fertilizing potential compared to literature, especially for phosphorus (P). CaSa-compost was outstanding, with a total P concentration of 1.7 g dm -3 compared to 0.5 and 0.3 g dm -3 in compost and biogas slurry respectively. Furthermore, these soil amendments may reduce acidity of the soil, with a calculated liming effect of 3.4, 2.6 and 7.8 kg CaO for each kg of nitrogen added for biogas slurry, compost and CaSa-compost respectively. To offset negative P balances in Karagwe, about 8100, 6000 and 1600 dm 3 ha -1 are required for biogas slurry, compost and CaSa-compost respectively. We conclude that especially CaSa-compost might offer immediate positive effects to crop production and nutrient availability in the soil.

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“…In an earlier study, Rebollido et al (2008) observed that temperature was the most environmental factor which influenced microbial succession during composting process. Additionally, it is noted in the authors' previous study (Tumuhairwe et al, 2009), that there were no significant differences in pH and nutrients among the composting methods except differences between composting phases. Those three genera are not well represented in GenBank with less than 50 sequences archived in the database.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Bacterial community changes during composting of municipal crop waste using low technology methods as revealed by 16S rRNA

Tumuhairwe¹,

Tenywa²

2018

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Bacterial communities are actively involved in composting process but the environment within the compost influences their diversity, abundance and succession. In this study, the authors investigated the bacterial communities in tropical crop waste compost using pyrosequencing. Municipal crop wastes from the tropics (Uganda) were composted under four different low-technology methods. Samples were collected from the early thermophilic, late thermophilic, and mesophilic phases, and from mature compost. Pyrosequencing of the amplified variable V4 region of the 16s rDNA generated over 110 000 sequences. Chao1 and cluster analysis at 3% dissimilarity showed that bacterial community richness declined during the composting process. The community was dominated by a few bacterial taxa during the thermophilic phases. Species evenness increased as compost progressed to maturity despite a decline in the number of taxa over the successional progression. Bacterial community diversity, abundance and succession changed with the composting method. This pattern of diversity may be attributed to competition and selection during the microbial succession. A total of 22 phyla and 513 genera were identified from all the methods in the entire composting process. The most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteriodes and Actinobacteria. Pyrosequencing provided more information on compost bacterial community diversity and abundance than previously used molecular methods. Several novel bacteria existing in tropical crop waste compost remained unclassified.

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Comparison of four low-technology composting methods for market crop wastes

Cited by 64 publications

References 52 publications

In-vessel co-composting of yard waste and food waste: an approach for sustainable waste management in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

In-vessel co-composting of yard waste and food waste: an approach for sustainable waste management in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Nutrient recycling from sanitation and energy systems to the agroecosystem- Ecological research on case studies in Karagwe, Tanzania

Bacterial community changes during composting of municipal crop waste using low technology methods as revealed by 16S rRNA

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