Comparison of food and beverage products’ availability, variety, price and quality in German and US supermarkets

Stroebele‐Benschop, Nanette; Wolf, Kerstin; Palmer, Katharine; Kelley, Casey J.; Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott

doi:10.1017/s1368980020002645

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Low prices for highly-processed foods are quite consistent when compared between different countries, while unprocessed foods (fruits, vegetables, but also meat) show a great variety in pricing even in countries of similar socioeconomic structure [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affordability of Different Isocaloric Healthy Diets in Germany—An Assessment of Food Prices for Seven Distinct Food Patterns

et al. 2021

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Affordability of different isocaloric healthy diets in Germany—an assessment of food prices for seven distinct food patterns Background: For decades, low-fat diets were recommended as the ideal food pattern to prevent obesity, type 2 diabetes and their long-term complications. Nowadays, several alternatives considering sources and quantity of protein, fat and carbohydrates have arisen and clinical evidence supports all of them for at least some metabolic outcomes. Given this variety in diets and the lack of a single ideal diet, one must evaluate if patients at risk, many of which having a lower income, can actually afford these diets. Aim: We modelled four-week food plans for a typical family of two adults and two school children based on seven different dietary patterns: highly processed standard omnivore diet (HPSD), freshly cooked standard omnivore diet (FCSD), both with German average dietary composition, low-protein vegan diet (VeganD), low-fat vegetarian diet (VegetD), low-fat omnivore diet (LFD), Mediterranean diet (MedD) and high-fat moderate-carb diet (MCD). The isocaloric diets were designed with typical menu variation for all meal times. We then assessed the lowest possible prices for all necessary grocery items in 12 different supermarket chains, avoiding organic foods, special offers, advertised exotic super foods and luxury articles. Prices for dietary patterns were compared in total, stratified by meal time and by food groups. Results: Among all seven dietary patterns, price dispersion by supermarket chains was 12–16%. Lowest average costs were calculated for the VegetD and the FCSD, followed by HPSD, LFD, VeganD, MedD and—on top—MCD. VeganD, MedD and MCD were about 16%, 23% and 67% more expensive compared to the FCSD. Major food groups determining prices for all diets are vegetables, salads and animal-derived products. Calculations for social welfare severely underestimate expenses for any kind of diet. Conclusions: Food prices are a relevant factor for healthy food choices. Food purchasing is financially challenging for persons with very low income in Germany. Fresh-cooked plant-based diets are less pricy than the unhealthy HPSD. Diets with reduced carbohydrate content are considerably more expensive, limiting their use for people with low income. Minimum wage and financial support for long-term unemployed people in Germany are insufficient to assure a healthy lifestyle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affordability of Different Isocaloric Healthy Diets in Germany—An Assessment of Food Prices for Seven Distinct Food Patterns

et al. 2021

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“…This instrument was used mostly in the USA (n = 11) [11,33,36,44,47,48,54,57,68,71,107]. Studies were conducted in both rural (n = 4) [10,11,56,106] and urban (n = 11) [33,36,44,47,48,54,57,68,71,107,108] contexts. Compared to the food basket methodology, the NEMS-S instrument compares products in the same category that are considered 'healthy' or 'unhealthy' based on American Dietetic Association (ADA) recommended dietary guidelines, focusing on availability, price, and quality.…”

Section: Nutrition Environment Measures Survey For Stores (Nems-s) In...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies included in this review had a multitude of aims (Tables 2, 3, and 4). While most studies were conducted solely to monitor food prices in a specific location/s [33,39,42,46,47,52,54,56,57,59,64,67,71,75,80,81,88,89,104,106,108,109,114], others aimed to monitor food price changes over time [53,63,74,83,93,97,111,127], assess food prices as a function of income, socioeconomic status, or welfare assistance [9, 19, 20, 33, 36-38, 40, 41, 66, 69, 70, 77, 84-86, 90-92, 94, 100, 110, 115-117, 122]; assess food price in relation to geographic distance [19,77,91,92,94,98]; compare perceptions of food price with actual food prices [68,101,107]; and relate food price with a health outcome [34,35,37,…”

Section: Study Purpose For Collecting Data On Food Pricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Country USA [11, Australia [9,10,19,20,[76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94] UK [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] Canada [103][104][105][106][107][108][109] New Zealand [110][111][112][113] Germany [71,114,115] Portugal [116][117][118] Netherlands [119,120] Sweden [121,<...…”

Section: Nems-s Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-storesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rural - -Compare perceptions with actual food prices [68,107] -Identify intervention strategies/ policies to improve public health [10,11] -Compare food prices between countries [71] -Understand impact of pricing strategies on consumption behaviours [44] -Correlate food price with obesity [47] -Measure impact of opening a store in a food desert on food prices [48] USA -11 Canada -3 Australia - [125] prices of a pre-defined list of foods, often in quantities representative of the total diet of reference families over a defined timeframe [9], and is a longstanding methodology used to investigate the availability and affordability of food. with four of these studies supplementing the data with online supermarket prices [62][63][64]81].…”

Section: Nems-s Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-storesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Cost of Healthy and Unhealthy Diets: A Systematic Review of Methods

2022

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Purpose of Review Poor diets are a leading risk factor for chronic disease globally. Research suggests healthy foods are often harder to access, more expensive, and of a lower quality in rural/remote or low-income/high minority areas. Food pricing studies are frequently undertaken to explore food affordability. We aimed to capture and summarise food environment costing methodologies used in both urban and rural settings. Recent Findings Our systematic review of high-income countries between 2006 and 2021 found 100 relevant food pricing studies. Most were conducted in the USA (n = 47) and Australia (n = 24), predominantly in urban areas (n = 74) and cross-sectional in design (n = 76). All described a data collection methodology, with just over half (n = 57) using a named instrument. The main purpose for studies was to monitor food pricing, predominantly using the ‘food basket’, followed by the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Stores (NEMS-S). Comparatively, the Healthy Diets Australian Standardised Affordability and Price (ASAP) instrument supplied data on relative affordability to household incomes. Summary Future research would benefit from a universal instrument reflecting geographic and socio-cultural context and collecting longitudinal data to inform and evaluate initiatives targeting food affordability, availability, and accessibility.

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The impact of product diversity and distribution networks on consumption expansion

Ding

Zhang

2023

Journal of Business Research

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Comparison of food and beverage products’ availability, variety, price and quality in German and US supermarkets

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Affordability of Different Isocaloric Healthy Diets in Germany—An Assessment of Food Prices for Seven Distinct Food Patterns

Affordability of Different Isocaloric Healthy Diets in Germany—An Assessment of Food Prices for Seven Distinct Food Patterns

Assessing the Cost of Healthy and Unhealthy Diets: A Systematic Review of Methods

The impact of product diversity and distribution networks on consumption expansion

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