Comparison of Fasting and 2-Hour Glucose and HbA1c Levels for Diagnosing Diabetes: Diagnostic criteria and performance revisited

Engelgau, Michael M.; Thompson, Theodore; Herman, William H.; Boyle, James P.; Aubert, Ronald E.; Kenny, Susan J; Badran, Ahmed; Sous, E.S.; Ali, Mohamed A

doi:10.2337/diacare.20.5.785

Cited by 287 publications

(237 citation statements)

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“…Subjects with fasting glucose values of 6.1-6.9 mmol/l would be classified as having impaired fasting glucose and those with 2-h values of 7.8-11 mmol/l as having IGT. It is important to note that similar to the data used for the 1978 NDDG criteria (19), these values are based on data from the Pima Indian Study (20), the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, the Paris Prospective Study (21), and an Egyptian study (22) (all adult populations who are at risk for type 2 diabetes). These committees did not consider the significance of postprandial hyperglycemia alone in children because there was no clear evidence that this population of subjects existed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes Manifested Solely by 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Criteria

Greenbaum

Cuthbertson²,

Krischer³

2001

Diabetes

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The clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes usually involves symptoms such as polyuria and polydipsia. However, investigators in the Diabetes Prevention Trial of Type 1 Diabetes (DPT-1) have detected a group of subjects with type 1 diabetes who have a different phenotype. These subjects are asymptomatic, have normal (<6.1 mmol/l) (group A) or impaired (6.1-<7.0 mmol/l) (group B) fasting glucose, but have 2-h glucose values >11.1 mmol/l on their oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). Of the 585 OGTTs performed on islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive relatives with insulin autoantibodies (IAA) or low first-phase insulin response (FPIR), normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was found in 427 subjects; impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was found in 87 subjects, and diabetes was found by 2-h OGTT criteria alone in 61 subjects. Despite marked differences in 2-h glucose values (NGT 5.8 ± 1.1 mmol/l, IGT 8.9 ± 0.9 mmol/l, and group A 13.5 ± 2.5 mmol/l), there were no significant differences in fasting glucose values among NGT (4.8 ± 0.5 mmol/l), IGT (5.03 ± 0.5 mmol/l), and group A (4.99 ± 0.7 mmol/l) categories. Mean FPIR was higher in subjects with NGT compared with subjects with IGT and subjects diagnosed by 2-h OGTT criteria alone. However, the correlation between FPIR and 2-h glucose value was low (r 2 = 0.14). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that additional independent variables provide smaller contributions to the 2-h glucose value. In conclusion, there are asymptomatic type 1 diabetic subjects whose diabetes was diagnosed by the 2-h criteria on OGTT alone. Despite the importance of ␤-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, factors other than impaired FPIR must also contribute to postprandial glucose tolerance in these subjects. Diabetes 50:470-476, 2001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes Manifested Solely by 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Criteria

Greenbaum

Cuthbertson²,

Krischer³

2001

Diabetes

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“…The revised diagnostic criteria for diabetes endorsed by the World Health Organization in 1998 2 were based on epidemiological evidence linking certain measures of glycaemic control to risk of diabetic microvascular disease -specifically retinopathy. 3,4 Similar data now examining the epidemiological link between glycaemic control and macrovascular disease are taking us to the conclusion that the increased risk begins much earlier -at HbA 1c levels of over 5.0%. 5 If treating to this target will protect our patients from premature cardiovascular disease, this is what we must strive to do.…”

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confidence: 75%

Foreword

Amiel

2002

Int J Obes

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“…All the patients had a random capillary glucose level more than 6.1 mM and regarded as higher risk of diabetes [20] and needed further examination. The concentrations of glucose and HbAlc were tested after a 2-hour 75-gram oral glucose intake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinidia chinensis Planch. Improves the Indices of Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammation Status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Activating Keap1 and Nrf2 via the Upregulation of MicroRNA‐424

Sun

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The fruit juice of Actinidia chinensis Planch. has antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the molecular mechanism was unclear. The patients took the juice and the serum level of antioxidant miR-424, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), and biochemical indices were measured. The juice increased the levels of serum microRNA-424, Keap1, and Nrf2 and reduced the levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta and IL-6 in T2DM patients. The levels of SOD and GSH were higher while the levels of ALT and AST were lower in the patients consuming the juice when compared to the patients without taking the juice. The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the serum levels of miR-424 were positively related to Keap1 and Nrf2 levels while Keap1 and Nrf2 levels were positively related to the levels of SOD and GSH and negatively related to IL-1 beta and IL-6. Thus, FJACP improves the indices of antioxidant and anti-inflammation status by activating Keap1 and Nrf2 via the upregulation of miR-424 in the patients with T2DM. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-ONC-17011087 on 04/07/2017.

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Comparison of Fasting and 2-Hour Glucose and HbA1c Levels for Diagnosing Diabetes: Diagnostic criteria and performance revisited

Cited by 287 publications

References 0 publications

Type 1 Diabetes Manifested Solely by 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Criteria

Type 1 Diabetes Manifested Solely by 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Criteria

Foreword

Actinidia chinensis Planch. Improves the Indices of Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammation Status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Activating Keap1 and Nrf2 via the Upregulation of MicroRNA‐424

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