2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(02)04314-x
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Comparison of epicardial and endocardial linear ablation using handheld probes

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Cited by 105 publications
(45 citation statements)
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“…1162,1291,1292 Moreover, both unipolar and directional bipolar energy sources have had difficulty creating transmural lesions when used from the epicardial surface on the beating heart. 1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298 This difficulty occurs because the circulating intracavitary blood pool produces convective cooling, which makes transmural lesions difficult to achieve. 1299 In an attempt to obviate this problem, one device provides suction to pull two walls of atrial tissue into apposition in a shallow trough, thus excluding the circulating heat sink of intracavitary blood while the energy is applied.…”
Section: Section 12: Surgical and Hybrid Af Ablationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1162,1291,1292 Moreover, both unipolar and directional bipolar energy sources have had difficulty creating transmural lesions when used from the epicardial surface on the beating heart. 1293,1294,1295,1296,1297,1298 This difficulty occurs because the circulating intracavitary blood pool produces convective cooling, which makes transmural lesions difficult to achieve. 1299 In an attempt to obviate this problem, one device provides suction to pull two walls of atrial tissue into apposition in a shallow trough, thus excluding the circulating heat sink of intracavitary blood while the energy is applied.…”
Section: Section 12: Surgical and Hybrid Af Ablationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since most of these ablation systems were released clinically without dose-response studies, their use has led to occasional collateral cardiac and extracardiac damage [575,668,669]. Moreover, unipolar energy sources have had difficulty creating transmural lesions when used from the epicardial surface on the beating heart [670][671][672][673][674][675]. This is because the circulating intracavitary blood pool makes transmural lesions difficult to achieve [676].…”
Section: New Surgical Ablation Technologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Factors affecting transmurality are primarily attributed to cathetertissue contact, applied energy, temperature, blood flow convection, and tissue composition (e.g. interposition of fat between catheter-tissue interface) [9][10][11]. Currently, conventional catheters do not provide information regarding the latter, in addition to confirming contact.…”
Section: Radiofrequency Ablation Of Atrial Fibrillationmentioning
confidence: 99%