Comparison of enzyme activities and gene expression profiling between yak and bovine skeletal muscles

Lin, Yaqiu; Wang, G.S.; Feng, Jinghai; Huang, Jian; Xu, Yongxiang; Jin, Suyu; Li, Y.P.; Jiang, Zhongyong; Zheng, Yusheng

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.06.134

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is now recognized that acclimation to severe hypoxia decreases the mitochondrial content of muscle fibres, and oxidative muscle metabolism is shifted towards a higher reliance on carbohydrates as fuel and intramyocellular lipid stores are reduced (Hoppeler et al, 2003). Our previous study showed that skeletal muscles of yak exhibited higher glycolytic energy metabolism than those of cattle (Lin et al, 2011). The lower IMF content of yak relative to cattle might be related to the hypoxic adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Expression profiles of myostatin and calpastatin genes and analysis of shear force and intramuscular fat content of yak longissimus muscle

Zheng¹,

Lin²,

Yu³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The main objective of this study was to reveal the expression profiles of two negative regulators, myostatin (MSTN) and calpastatin (CAST) genes, of skeletal muscle growth in highland yaks (Bos grunniens). mRNA levels of both genes were quantified in different yak tissues by semi-quantitative RT-PCR to reveal the tissue expression pattern, and real-time quantitative RT-PCR was employed to compare the mRNA levels of MSTN and CAST in longissimus muscles of yaks at different ages and adult Yellow cattle. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content, tenderness and pH of longissimus muscle of yaks at different ages and of adult Yellow cattle were also measured. The results showed that MSTN and CAST expressions have tissue specificity and both exhibited a high level in longissimus muscle and a low level in adipose tissue. Yak calves had lower mRNA levels of both MSTN and CAST in longissimus muscle compared with adult yaks. The analysis of meat quality traits of longissimus muscle showed that the shear forces of raw longissimus muscle of yak calves were significantly lower than those of adult yaks and Yellow cattle, no significant difference was found between adult yaks and Yellow cattle of similar age. IMF content in longissimus muscle was lower in yaks than in Yellow cattle. Although yaks were smaller in body size than Yellow cattle, adult yaks showed lower levels of MSTN and similar level of CAST mRNA in longissimus muscle compared to Yellow cattle. These data indicate that the expression of both MSTN and CAST in longissimus muscle differs between adult yaks and yak calves, and the yak longissimus muscle shows a lower IMF content compared to cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Expression profiles of myostatin and calpastatin genes and analysis of shear force and intramuscular fat content of yak longissimus muscle

Zheng¹,

Lin²,

Yu³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…PT2100; Kinematica AG, LittauLucerne, Switzerland) in 1 mL Tris buffer (3 mmol/L MgCl 2 , 5 mmol/L EDTA, 75 mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH 7.2) at 4°C and then centrifuged at 11 400 rev/min for 30 min at 4°C. The supernatant was used to measure myoglobin concentration (Lin et al 2011). Briefly, absorbance at 576 nm of diluted supernatant was obtained using a spectrophotometer (model No. UV2550; Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) and Mb content was calculated based on its extinction coefficient of 12.8 mmol·L −1 ·min −1 .…”

Section: Mb Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus)

et al. 2015

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We investigated the mechanism of high oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus Brandt, 1843). Myoglobin (Mb) levels, as well as citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, were measured by spectrophotometry. Mb content in the soleus (SOL) muscle lasted from the beginning of hibernation to spring. Mb content in SOL was 87% higher in the hibernating group than in the summer group. Mb content in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle stayed at similar levels during the different periods of the year. Citrate synthase activity in SOL was 30% higher in the hibernating group than in the summer group. Meanwhile, citrate synthase activity in EDL did not change during hibernation. LDH activity in SOL was not different between the hibernating group and the summer active group, whereas LDH activity in EDL increased significantly (up to 11%) in the 2 days arousal after hibernation group compared with the hibernating group. We conclude that high oxidative capacity is provided by increased oxygen storage capacity of slow-twitch muscle fibers rather than from fast-twitch muscle fibers in hibernating animals. Résumé :Nous avons examiné le mécanisme qui sous-tend la capacité oxydative élevée des muscles squelettiques chez des spermophiles de Daourie (Spermophilus dauricus Brandt, 1843) hibernants. Les teneurs en myoglobine (Mb), ainsi que les activités de la citrate-synthase et de la lactate-déshydrogénase (LDH) ont été mesurées par spectrophotométrie. Les teneurs en Mb dans le muscle soléaire (SOL) persistaient du début de l'hibernation jusqu'au printemps. Les teneurs en Mb dans le SOL étaient de 87 % plus grandes dans le groupe hibernant que dans le groupe d'été. La Mb dans le muscle long extenseur du doigt (EDL) se maintenait à des teneurs semblables durant toutes les saisons de l'année. L'activité de la citrate-synthase dans le SOL était de 30 % plus grande dans le groupe hibernant que dans le groupe estival, alors que dans l'EDL, elle ne changeait pas durant l'hibernation. Il n'y avait pas de différence sur le plan de l'activité de la LDH dans le SOL entre le groupe hibernant et le groupe estival, alors que dans l'EDL, l'activité de la LDH augmentait de manière significative (jusqu'à 11 %) dans le groupe observé 2 jours après le réveil suivant l'hibernation par rapport au groupe hibernant. Nous concluons que la capacité oxydative élevée chez les animaux hibernants est assurée par une capacité de stockage d'oxygène accrue dans les fibres musculaires à contraction lente plutôt que par les fibres musculaires à contraction rapide. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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“…This is because its high erythrocyte count [3] and its efficient energy and nitrogen utilization [4] make yak well adapted to the paucity of oxygen and energy sources [5]. Its peculiar enzyme activity and gene expression profile [6] have positive consequences also on the meat quality characteristics, specifically on tenderness, juiciness and leanness [7]. These appreciable properties seem to be mainly linked to three muscles' physiological features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Untargeted Metabolomics Investigation of Jiulong Yak (Bos grunniens) Meat by 1H-NMR

Zhu

Petracci

Cheng

et al. 2020

Foods

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Yak represents the main meat source for Tibetan people. This work aimed to investigate the metabolome of raw meat from Jiulong yaks, focusing on specimens farmed and harvested locally through traditional procedures. Untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) was selected as the analytical platform. Samples from longissimus thoracis, trapezius, triceps brachii and biceps femoris muscles, with different prevalences of red and white fibers, were selected. Among the fifty-three metabolites quantified in each of them, carnitine, carnosine, creatine and taurine are known for their bioactive properties. Twelve molecules were found to be differently concentrated in relation to muscle type. Longissimus thoracis, compared to biceps femoris, had higher concentrations of carnosine and formate and lower concentrations of mannose, inosine, threonine, IMP, alanine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine and leucine. A metabolic pathway analysis suggested that the main pathways differing among the muscles were connected to the turnover of amino acids. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of yak raw meat metabolism and muscle type differences, which can be used as an initial reference for the meat industry to set up muscle-specific investigations. The possibility of simultaneously quantifying several bioactive compounds suggests that these investigations could revolve around meat’s nutritional value.

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Comparison of enzyme activities and gene expression profiling between yak and bovine skeletal muscles

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

Expression profiles of myostatin and calpastatin genes and analysis of shear force and intramuscular fat content of yak longissimus muscle

Expression profiles of myostatin and calpastatin genes and analysis of shear force and intramuscular fat content of yak longissimus muscle

Seasonal oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus)

An Untargeted Metabolomics Investigation of Jiulong Yak (Bos grunniens) Meat by 1H-NMR

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