Comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions from clinker and recycled cement production

Sousa, Vítor; Bogas, José Alexandre

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127277

Cited by 148 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Indeed, when the hydration reaction of the clinker releases portlandite, the pozzolanic reaction consumes it. For this purpose, the total mass of portlandite in the sample at each age is determined by using the mass loss between 430˚C and 520˚C and by considering Equation (7).…”

Section: • Mechanical Properties Of Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Attapulgite as an Additive in Reinforced Concrete by Substitution of Cement and Its Effects on the Durability Properties of Hardened Concrete

Bodian¹,

Keinde²,

Yade³

et al. 2022

OJCE

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The valorization of Senegalese attapulgite clay in concrete, as a solution against the exhaustion of the cement deposits was studied. In that purpose, attapulgite was first calcined at 800˚C to make it reactive and added in concrete by substitution of Portland cement (CEM I 52.5N) at contents of 0, 5 and 10% by conserving a constant water/cement ratio value of 0.65. The effects of the partial replacement of cement by attapulgite on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the concrete as well as on the steel-concrete bond were examined. For this purpose, the water porosity, the intrinsic permeability and the density of the clay-based concrete were evaluated. Compression, tensile and pull-out tests were carried out to determine the impact of clay on the Young modulus, the compressive and tensile strengths and the steel-concrete bond. This study was completed by a characterization of the pozzolanic reactivity of calcined attapulgite. All the results of these studies were compared with those of Portland cement as a reference. The substitution of cement by attapulgite up to 10% in concrete has only a small influence on its porosity and permeability and confers to the concrete gain in compressive strength of 11%. However, it caused a loss of steel-concrete bond of 10%.

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Section: • Mechanical Properties Of Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Attapulgite as an Additive in Reinforced Concrete by Substitution of Cement and Its Effects on the Durability Properties of Hardened Concrete

Bodian¹,

Keinde²,

Yade³

et al. 2022

OJCE

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“…Recently, after estimating the contribution towards energy consumption and CO 2 emissions of each stage of the recycled cement production process [ 35 ], small variations to this production process were tested. These variations were aimed at eliminating the need for washing and drying the material prior to the magnetic separation.…”

Section: Basic Description Of Thermoactivated Recycled Cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the following assumptions/approximations were also made: (i) no natural raw materials are used in the production of RCC, except for water in the Wet method—the amount of water required to wash the liberated concrete waste particles in the Wet method was considered to be about 2 m 3 /ton of waste material, using the Ecoinvent 3 database Water, unspecified natural origin process; (ii) for the liberation and separation process of RCC, the amount of electricity required for crushing, grinding, washing, drying and separating the concrete waste particles was estimated for each production method using the approach developed in Sousa et al [ 36 ], using the Ecoinvent 3 database Electricity, medium voltage process; (iii) to determine the amount of fuel required for the thermal treatment phases of RCC, a treatment temperature of 650 °C for a residence period identical to that of clinker calcination was considered ( Section 2 ), as well as the varying weight loss during thermal treatment (see Sousa and Bogas [ 35 ] for more details); and (iv) for the Wet method, the amount of fuel needed to dry the washed concrete waste particles was estimated considering the results obtained by Sousa and Bogas [ 35 ].…”

Section: Life-cycle Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is extensive literature on LCA studies applied to cement [ 10 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], since it is a highly consumed material with significant environmental impacts. However, environmental assessments of thermoactivated recycled cement production using this new process for separating the cement paste from the aggregates are limited to the energy and carbon balances developed by Sousa and Bogas [ 35 ] and Sousa et al [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Assessment of Thermoactivated Recycled Cement Production

et al. 2022

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The urgent need to tackle the effects of global warming has led to a worldwide compromise and ever-more demanding regulations. In this respect, as an important greenhouse gas emitter, the cement industry has to implement major changes in its production processes to achieve future goals. In this perspective, low-carbon eco-efficient cement, such as the thermoactivated recycled cement from concrete waste (RCC), seem to be a promising alternative to current carbon-intensive binders, such as ordinary Portland cement (OPC). This study aimed to demonstrate the potential contribution of RCC to the reduction in the environmental impacts of the cement industry, by means of a comparative life cycle assessment of three production methods of this binder (wet (WM), dry (DM) and air clean (ACM) methods) and OPC. Overall, RCC WM did not turn out to be a good alternative to OPC, essentially owing to the amount of fuel and electricity required for washing and drying the particles before the magnetic separation. On the other hand, RCC DM and RCC ACM proved to be promising alternatives to RCC WM and OPC, with a relevant reduction in all impact categories.

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“…In the present day, there is a continuous increase in the demand for binders such as cement, which is one of the primary materials for stabilizing soil. This has led to a 30-fold increase in cement production since 1950 and an almost four-fold increase since 1990 [10]. The effect of these increases has been to increase the contribution of cement producers to global carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dispersed Reinforcement on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity in Stabilized Soil

et al. 2021

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One of the fundamental techniques for road subgrades is soil stabilization. Considering the high emission of carbon dioxide during the production of binders, novel techniques to reduce the binder are being studied. Thus, we investigated dispersed reinforcement in stabilized soils. A study was conducted to determine the ultrasonic pulse velocity in nine mixtures of soil, cement, and polypropylene fibers and then correlate the results with other destructive tests. The results show a decrease in wave velocity in mixes with fiber addition by up to 18.5%. The result is dependent on the curing time and whether the samples were stored in a water tank. Immersion in water increases the obtained results by about 6.3%. Based on the analysis, for mixtures with fibers, boundary velocities of waves above which lower values of modulus of elasticity were obtained were determined. Depending on the mix and the module analyzed, the limits range from 2194 m/s to 2498 m/s.

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Comparison of energy consumption and carbon emissions from clinker and recycled cement production

Cited by 148 publications

References 42 publications

Study of Attapulgite as an Additive in Reinforced Concrete by Substitution of Cement and Its Effects on the Durability Properties of Hardened Concrete

Study of Attapulgite as an Additive in Reinforced Concrete by Substitution of Cement and Its Effects on the Durability Properties of Hardened Concrete

Life Cycle Assessment of Thermoactivated Recycled Cement Production

Effect of Dispersed Reinforcement on Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity in Stabilized Soil

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