Comparison of effects of spatial anticrime in open communities in China

Abstract

In 2016, the Chinese government raised community opening policy for the first time. In order to study the effects of spatial anticrime in open communities, five quantifiable evaluation indexes are selected, which are "flow density, police deployment distance, spatial visibility, anti-capture ability and spatial connectivity". They are applied to the quantitative analysis of the spatial anticrime performance of two different building layouts in open community in China. The spatial anticrime analysis model from the perspective of crime prevention is practical and feasible, which is of avail for the police to check up the physical environment vulnerable to crime in advance, and to carry out preliminary prevention from the causes of crime. The empirical study shows that both "Determinant" and "Enclosed" Community layout have their own advantages and disadvantages. Overall, the spatial structure of determinant is safer than the enclosed spatial structure, but the partial safety is lower due to the obstruction of sight and insufficient pedestrian flow in the narrow space between some buildings. The enclosed layout structure has higher safety in the interior space of the community space group, but lower safety factor on the main roads. Finally, the corresponding security promotion strategies are proposed for these two communities.

The Relationship between the Outdoor School Violence Distribution and the Outdoor Campus Environment: An Empirical Study from China

“…Secondly, the correlation analysis results indicated that there was a relationship between the OSVD and all spatial attributes of the OCE, which corresponded to the findings of Kweon Jihoon, Ju Mi-Ok, and Lee Chang-Hun [95][96][97][98][99]. Specifically, teacher-student conflict, verbal bullying, and physical conflict were all found to be correlated with In, Con, and VC M (for KD1, In: p < 0.05, Con: p < 0.05, VC M : p < 0.05. for KD2, In: p < 0.01, Con: p < 0.01, VC M : p < 0.01. for KD3, In: p < 0.01, Con: p < 0.05, VC M : p < 0.05.…”

A Bi-Level Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Micro-Circulation Road Networks in the Open Block Area Considering Traffic Pollution and Intersection Delays

“…To solve this problem, the urban planning policy in which an "open block" is used was put forward for the first time by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in 2016 [9]. The policy pointed out that the idea of "narrow streets and a dense network" should be gradually promoted.…”

“…As a result, Equations (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) show that two interrelated mathematical models are contained in the established bi-level multi-objective programming model. The first part addresses the optimization of the micro-circulation road network in the open block area, which involves the upper-level programming model, and the second part assigns traffic demand, which involves the lower-level programming model.…”