Comparison of Effects of Oral Health Program and Walking Exercise Program on Health Outcomes for Pregnant Women

Theoretical evaluation of Cox’s interaction model of client health behavior for health promotion in adult women

“…Internal consistency ensures that the elements of a theory, the meaning and clarity of the concepts, and terms and definitions are consistent [10]. In the 11 studies reviewed in this study, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] only seven experimental studies included the three major components of the IMCHB [18,[20][21][22][23][24][25]27]. All the dynamic variables included in elements of the client's singularity were Professional/ technical competencies displayed in two descriptive studies [21,26] and one experimental study [22].…”

“…All the dynamic variables included in elements of the client's singularity were Professional/ technical competencies displayed in two descriptive studies [21,26] and one experimental study [22]. Of the four studies [21,22,23,25] that aimed to measure intrinsic motivation, that by Hanrungcharotorn et al [21] actually measured extrinsic motivations for health behaviors through support from family, friends, and colleagues, but not intrinsic motivations for self-determinants of health behavior within the IMCHB. In seven experimental studies, the elements of client-professional interaction were included, but in two studies, the conceptual meaning of "decisional control" and "professional technical competencies" were unclear.…”

“…The generality of a theory refers to whether it is applicable to various population groups [11]. The participants of the reviewed studies were women of various groups, including minorities (immigrants or multicultural women) and low-income women [17,19,23,24,26], pregnant women [22,25], postpartum women [27], women with gynecological cancer [18], women with osteoarthritis [21], and older adults [20], suggesting adequate generality.…”

“…In seven studies (63.6%), nursing interventions were provided to the participants, reflecting the specificity of the nursing prescriptions presented in the IMCHB. The main health outcomes measured in the 11 studies were health status [17,22], problem-severity indicators [18,20,21,23,25], adherence to the recommended care regimen [22,[24][25][26], and satisfaction with care [27]. The reviewed studies measured concepts using different scales for each.…”

“…In the reviewed studies, health outcomes were confirmed according to the variables of client singularity, which are elements of the IMCHB (Table 3). Of the seven experimental studies, six studies based on the IMCHB [18,20,[22][23][24][25] provided interventions that considered the clients' background variables and improved health outcomes through client-professional interactions. Cox [16] claimed that previous health outcomes could provide feedback regarding a client's background variables.…”