Comparison of Early Mortality in Baboons and Dogs after Inhalation of 239 PuO 2

Bair, W.J.; Métivier, Henri; Park, J. F.; Masse, R.; Stevens, David L.; Lafuma, J.; Watson, Charles; Nolibé, D.

doi:10.2307/3575325

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The example of plutonium dioxide illustrates the difficulties of estimation of solubility which depends on real stoechiometry rather than temperature formation. In their 1980s paper W.J.Bair and H.MCtivier describe similar biological behavior of oxides prepared at 560" and 1100°C (Bair et al, 1980). However, in another experiment, J. Mewhinney clearly demonstrated a difference of clearance between oxides prepared at these temperatures (Mewhinney et al, 1976).…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Measurements following inhalation of high fired polydisperse 239Pu02 by baboons, rhesus monkeys and dogs indicate Type S behavior (Bair et al, 1980;LaBauve et al, 1980), as do data from dogs that inhaled monodisperse particles (0.72, 1.4, and 2.8 mm AMAD) (Guilmette et al, 1984;1987b). These data are in general agreement with observed lung retention patterns of 239Pu02 in exposed workers (Rmden, 1976;1984;Ramsden et al, 1978;Spitz and Robinson, 1981;Carbaugh et al, 1991;Foster, 1991).…”

Section: Absorption Types (A) Simple Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is clearly demonstrated that 238Pu oxide is more soluble than 239Pu. This is due to the differences of specific radioactivities of the two isotopes which leads 238Pu02 particles to a faster fragmentation of initial particles and consequently to a higher solubility (Bair et al, 1980;Park et al, 1991;Guilmette et al, 1994).…”

Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the fraction rapidly absorbed and the long-term retention half-time can be influenced by the method of formation of the material and its history. Plutonium-239' dioxide, formed by complete oxidation of the metal or a salt at about 1000°C (high-fired), for example, has repeatedly demonstrated the very low absorption generally associated with Pu02 (Type S) (Bair et al, 1980;Morgan et al, 1988a). Material formed at lower temperatures was more readily absorbed (Type M), reflecting incomplete oxidation of the plutonium (Mewhinney et al, 1976).…”

Section: Absorption Types (A) Simple Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have also calculated values for fi values ranging from 1 x to 1 x to take into account different gut absorption rate linked to relative solubility of "insoluble" forms (Bair et al 1980;ICRP, 1986); results do not differ significantly. The 95th percentile is obtained with 50% of the plutonium transformed during the two days before release.…”

Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probabilistic accident consequence uncertainty analysis -- Uncertainty assessment for internal dosimetry. Volume 2: Appendices

Goossens¹,

Kraan²,

Cooke

et al. 1998

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LEGALNOTICENeither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of the information in this volume. NUREGlCR-6571 ii DISCLAIMERPortions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. AbstractThe development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990.These codes estimate the risk presented by nuclear installations based on postulated frequencies and magnitudes of potential accidents. In 1991, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the European Commission (EC) began a joint uncertainty analysis of the two codes. The ultimate objective was to develop credible and traceable uncertainty distributions for the input variables of the codes.The study was formulated jointly and was limited to the current code models and to physical quantities that could be measured in experiments. An elicitation procedure was devised from previous US and EC studies with refinements based on recent experience. Elicitation questions were developed, tested, and clarified. Internationally recognized experts were selected using a common set of criteria. Probability training exercises were conducted to establish ground rules and set the initial and boundary conditions. Experts developed their distributions independently.Aft& the first feasibility study on atmospheric dispersion and deposition parameters, a second expert judgment exercise was carried out on food chain and external dose (calculation) parameters. A third expert judgment exercise has been carried out on early and late health effects and internal dosimetry parameters. The goal again was to develop a library of uncertainty distributions for the selected consequence parameters. Nine experts from five countries were selected for an expert panel on internal dosimetry. Their results were processed with an equal-weighting aggregation method, and the aggregated distributions will be used to determine distributions on the code input parameters of the dose per unit intake (DUPI) models used in COSYMA and for MACCS. PrefaceThis volume is the second of a two-volume document that summarizes a joint project conducted by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the European Commission to assess uncertainties in the MACCS and COSYMA probabilistic accident consequence codes. These codes were developed primarily for estimating the risks presented by nuclear reactors based on postulated frequencies and magnitudes of potential accidents. This document reports on an ongoing project to assess uncertainty in the MACCS and COSYMA calculations for the offsite consequences of radionuclide releases by hypothetical nuclear power plant accidents. A panel of nine experts was formed to compile credible and traceable uncertainty distributions for internal dosimetry input variables that affect calculations of offsite consequences. The expert judgment elicitation procedure and its outcomes are described in...

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Section: IImentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Absorption Types (A) Simple Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Absorption Types (A) Simple Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 99%

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