Comparison of E-Test With Agar Dilution Methods in Testing Susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae to Azithromycin

Yasin, Rohani Md; Suan, Koay Ai; Meng, Cheong Yuet

doi:10.1097/00007435-199705000-00004

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Interpretive criteria which are required for understanding disk diffusion results have been established for antimicrobial activity against N. gonorrhoeae but does not include azithromycin and only has resistant classifications for ceftriaxone and cefixime [4, 14]. The Etest provides MIC values using a linear gradient and has been used for assessing antibiotic susceptibility in N. gonorrhoeae [16–20]. Some laboratories also use the Etest to generate data for reporting to the European Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme for trend analysis [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agar dilution is the gold standard method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing to provide a MIC value of antimicrobial agents tested against N. gonorrhoeae but might be too difficult to perform in laboratories with limited capacity and low testing volumes [15]. Etest strips can also provide a quantitative MIC value and have been assessed in a few studies with N. gonorrhoeae and are simpler tests to perform [16–23]. Still there is little data on the implementation of Etest strips in clinical laboratories tasked with addressing antibiotic susceptibility testing for N. gonorrhoeae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Accuracy and reproducibility of the Etest to detect drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae to contemporary treatment

Papp

Rowlinson

O'Connor

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy and reproducibility of the Etest to detect drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae to contemporary treatment

Papp

Rowlinson

O'Connor

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…There are published data for the use of the E-test for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of N gonorrhoeae (49,50). However, there are no well-established breakpoints for the E-test results.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Micsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laboratory Diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Ng¹,

Martín²

2005

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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The present article describes the laboratory diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by culturing of the organism from different types of clinical specimens followed by confirmatory tests. The success of culture methods requires good quality collection and transport of clinical specimens. The present guide describes the media requirements and cultural conditions for N gonorrhoeae growth and the characteristics for a presumptive identification of N gonorrhoeae. Confirmatory tests include biochemical tests, chromogenic enzyme substrate tests, immunoassays and nucleic acid methods. Nucleic acid detection methods include either amplification-based methods or nonamplification tests, and are increasingly used in clinical laboratories where a viable culture is not possible to obtain. Nucleic acid methods can also be used to detect the presence of low numbers in a specimen. Nucleic acid detection methods need confirmation with another amplification method or gene target. Controls must be included to ensure true positive and negative results, and to rule out nucleic acid contamination. Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibilities of N gonorrhoeae is important to investigate treatment failure and to evaluate the efficacy of currently recommended therapies. Many methods for the characterization of N gonorrhoeae require cultures. The useful typing methods for determining strain relatedness include auxotyping, serotyping, plasmid profile analysis, DNA sequencing of the porB gene and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Quality assurance programs for diagnostic testing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is reviewed.

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“…Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the E-test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) on a chocolate agar plate (21,23). The tested antimicrobial agents were penicillin G, spectinomycin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiograms and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA‐polymerase chain reactions (RAPD‐PCR) as epidemiological markers of gonorrhea

Lawung

Charoenwatanachokchai

Cherdtrakulkiat

et al. 2010

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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The development of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae arising from wide dissemination of resistant clones is a major global health problem. In this study, a total of 235 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae isolated from patients of Bangrak Hospital were tested for their antibiotic susceptibilities to penicillin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, spectinomycin, and ceftriaxone. Mutation (Ser-91) in the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA and random amplification of the polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) were examined from 145 isolates. Among these, 55 isolates were obtained during January-March 2000, 46 isolates during January-March 2002, and 44 isolates during October-December 2002. The occurrence of combination resistance between penicillin and quinolone was 20% in January-March 2000, which was increased to 57.8% during the period of October-December 2002 (P<0.0001). Mutation of Ser-91 in gyrA could be directly linked with the resistance or declining of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Using RAPD-PCR, we could classify the 145 isolates into 4 and 5 groups by primers D11344 (5'-AGTGAATTCGCGGTGAGATGCCA-3') and D8635 (5'-GAGCGGCCAAAGGGAGCA GAC-3'), respectively. Combination of the data obtained from these two primers produced 11 fingerprint groups. Our findings conclude that monitoring of the Ser-91 mutation of gyrA and RAPD-PCR methods are most useful for epidemiological screening.

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Comparison of E-Test With Agar Dilution Methods in Testing Susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae to Azithromycin

Abstract: Azithromycin has a very good in vitro antigonococcal activity, and the E-test is a reliable method to determine the MIC of azithromycin against N. gonorrhoeae.

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Accuracy and reproducibility of the Etest to detect drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae to contemporary treatment

Accuracy and reproducibility of the Etest to detect drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae to contemporary treatment

The Laboratory Diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Antibiograms and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA‐polymerase chain reactions (RAPD‐PCR) as epidemiological markers of gonorrhea

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