Comparison of DSM-5 and proposed ICD-11 criteria for PTSD with DSM-IV and ICD-10: changes in PTSD prevalence in military personnel

Abstract

Background: Recently, changes have been introduced to the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Objectives:This study investigated the effect of the diagnostic changes made from DSM-IV to DSM-5 and from ICD-10 to the proposed ICD-11. The concordance of provisional PTSD prevalence between the diagnostic criteria was examined in a convenience sample of 100 members of the German Armed Forces. Method: Based on questionnaire measurements, provisional PTSD prevalence was assessed according to DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10, and proposed ICD-11 criteria. Consistency of the diagnostic status across the diagnostic systems was statistically evaluated. Results: Provisional PTSD prevalence was the same for DSM-IV and DSM-5 (both 56%) and comparable under DSM-5 versus ICD-11 proposal (48%). Agreement between DSM-IV and DSM-5, and between DSM-5 and the proposed ICD-11, was high (both p < .001). Provisional PTSD prevalence was significantly increased under ICD-11 proposal compared to ICD-10 (30%) which was mainly due to the deletion of the time criterion. Agreement between ICD-10 and the proposed ICD-11 was low (p = .014). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for a satisfactory concordance between provisional PTSD prevalence based on the diagnostic criteria for PTSD that are defined using DSM-IV, DSM-5, and proposed ICD-11. This supports the assumption of a set of PTSD core symptoms as suggested in the ICD-11 proposal, when at the same time a satisfactory concordance between ICD-11 proposal and DSM was given. The finding of increased provisional PTSD prevalence under ICD-11 proposal in contrast to ICD-10 can be of guidance for future epidemiological research on PTSD prevalence, especially concerning further investigations on the impact, appropriateness, and usefulness of the time criterion included in ICD-10 versus the consequences of its deletion as proposed for ICD-11.

A decennial review of psychotraumatology: what did we learn and where are we going?

“…At least one study of children has also found a superior fit for ICD-11(LaGreca, Danzi, & Chan, 2017). Different answers have emerged regarding prevalence rates with some finding little differences in overall prevalence rates (Hansen et al, 2017;Kuester et al, 2017) and others indicating that ICD is associated with lower rates of disorder (Stammel, Abbing, Heeke, & Knaevelsrud, 2015). Clear answers to both the fit of the data and the prevalence rates associated with ICD and DSM disorders require the use of reliable measures, which have been established.…”

Prevalence and comorbidity of the ICD-11 and DSM-5 for PTSD caseness with previous diagnostic manuals among the Japanese population

“…Our study indicated that the agreement between DSM-5 and ICD-11 was substantial. The ICD-11, which includes only six symptoms compared with DSM-5 (20 symptoms), might benefit due to having fewer items (Brewin, 2005;Kuester et al, 2017). The agreement of 0.79 for Cohen's kappa, suggests an overlap of PTSD diagnoses according to DSM-5 versus ICD-11 although they are not identical.…”

“…Only a few studies have directly compared the four sets of diagnostic criteria used in recent years (i.e. DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10, and ICD-11) (Kuester et al, 2017;O'Donnell et al, 2014;Stein et al, 2014).…”

Coronavirus syndrome: COVID-19 psychotrauma

“…shows that his disease is manifested in psychological disadaptation (mental dysfunction) and accompanied by the variety of intra- and interpersonal conflicts, loss of meaning in life or its reinterpretation, collapse of the former ideals and loss of faith in a successful future, in other words, it is a kind of existential crisis. 15 The heavier the trauma, the more likely the disorder is to develop, however, it does not occur in all people, no matter how serious the trauma is. Thus, there are a number of factors that determine a person's vulnerability and ability to recover quickly.…”

“…The picture of mental manifestations of coronavirus syndrome can be divided into several stages, by analogy with reactions to other types of stressful events. 15-17 ,31, 37 …”