Comparison of Distal Limb Warming With Fluidotherapy and Warm Water Immersion for Mild Hypothermia Rewarming

Kumar, Parveen; McDonald, Gerren K.; Chitkara, Radhika; Steinman, Alan M.; Gardiner, Phillip F.; Giesbrecht, Gordon G.

doi:10.1016/j.wem.2015.02.005

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Most research has used prolonged passive external rewarming lasting from 30 min to several hours using a water bath, air inhalation, or forced air. These studies have focused on the direct effects of rewarming from hypothermia on the kinetics of physiological responses including body temperature (Hoskin et al, 1986; Kumar et al, 2015), cardiovascular parameters (Hayward et al, 1984; Savard et al, 1985), subjective sensation (Kumar et al, 2015), metabolic heat production (MHP), and heat gain (Goheen et al, 1997). The functional consequences of applying brief (5-min) whole-body rewarming on cognitive and neurophysiological functions in mildly hypothermic subjects have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Rewarming Blunts Hypothermia-Induced Alterations in Sensation, Motor Drive and Cognition

et al. 2016

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Background: It is well known that cold exposure experienced during occupational or recreational activities may adversely affect motor, cognitive performance, and health. Most research has used prolonged passive external rewarming modalities and focused on the direct effects on the kinetics of physiological and psychological responses in hypothermic subjects. However, the brief whole body rewarming effects on physiological and psychological responses in parallel with functional consequences on cognitive and neurophysiological functions have not been investigated. This study explores these effects in 12 healthy young men.Methods: Subjects (20 ± 1 years) participated in 4 randomized trials, which were designed to compare the effects of whole-body brief (5-min) rewarming in 37°C water with rewarming for the same duration in 24°C (air) thermoneutral environment in mildly hypothermic subjects. After each rewarming, indicators of neuromuscular function (reflexes, central activation ratio, electromyography of exercising muscle, and contractile properties of calf muscles) and cognitive function (attention, simple motor speed, and information processing speed) were assessed.Results: Compared to rewarming in thermoneutral environment, after brief rewarming in 37°C water, significantly lower metabolic heat production (MHP) (206 ± 33.4 vs. 121.9 ± 24.3 W·m2, P < 0.01), heart rate (76 ± 16 vs. 60 ± 12 b·min−1, P < 0.01), cold strain (6.4 ± 3.1 vs. 5.3 ± 2.7, P < 0.01), improved thermal comfort and induced cessation of shivering were found. Electrically induced maximum torque amplitudes increased (P100, 102.8 ± 21.3 vs. 109.2 ± 17.5 Nm and PTT100, 83.1 ± 17.1 vs. 92.7 ± 16.0 Nm, P < 0.05), contraction half-relaxation time decreased (599.0 ± 53.8 vs. 589.0 ± 56.3 ms, P < 0.05), and Mmax-wave latency shortened (17.5 ± 2.2 vs. 15.6 ± 2.0 ms, P < 0.05) after 37°C water rewarming. Unlike rewarming in thermoneutral environment, 37°C water rewarming blunted the hypothermia-induced alterations in neural drive transmission (4.3 ± 0.5 vs. 3.4 ± 0.8 mV H-reflex and 4.9 ± 0.2 vs. 4.4 ± 0.4 mV V-wave, P < 0.05), which increased central fatigue during a 2-min maximum load (P < 0.05). Furthermore, only in brief warm water rewarming cerebral alterations were restored to the control level and it was indicated by shortened reaction times (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Brief rewarming in warm water rather than the same duration rewarming in thermoneutral environment blunted the hypothermia-induced alterations for sensation, motor drive, and cognition, despite the fact that rectal and deep muscle temperature remained lowered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Rewarming Blunts Hypothermia-Induced Alterations in Sensation, Motor Drive and Cognition

et al. 2016

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“…Immersion of arms and legs in 42 to 45°C water have resulted in rewarming rates 2 to 3 times faster than the commonly recommended external rewarming modalities. 14,15 This is likely due to warming of the glabrous (nonhairy) skin regions that cover the soles of the feet and palms of the hands. These areas contain retia venosa , specialized densely packed subcutaneous arteriovenous anastomoses (AVA) that are under both local vasomotor and thermoregulatory control and have significant effects on thermoregulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cooling Method and Comparison of Active Rewarming of Mildly Hypothermic Subjects

Christensen

Lipman

Grahn

et al. 2017

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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“…Apart from OA, fluidotherapy has also been proven to be effective in reducing hand edema and examining the effect on nerve conduction velocities in carpal tunnel syndrome and stroke patients, and in warming the hypothermic patients. [34][35][36] In light of these findings, fluidotherapy may be preferred in patients with OA, while further studies are needed due to the limited number of studies in this field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of efficacy of fluidotherapy and paraffin bath in hand osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Objectives: This study aims to compare the efficacy of paraffin bath therapy and fluidotherapy on pain, hand muscle strength, functional status, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). Patients and methods: This prospective randomized controlled study included 77 patients (8 males, 69 females; mean age: 63.1±10.3 years; range 39 to 88 years) with primary hand OA who applied between July 2017 and March 2018. The patients were randomized into two groups with the sealed envelope method: Paraffin bath therapy (20 min, one session per day, for two weeks) was applied for 36 patients whereas 41 patients received fluidotherapy for the same period. The pain severity of the patients, both at rest and during activities of daily living (ADL) within the last 48 hours was questioned and scored using Visual Analog Scale. Duruöz Hand Index (DHI) was used to evaluate hand functions. Gross grip strength was measured using Jamar dynamometer whereas fine grip strength was measured using pinch meter in three different positions (lateral pinch, tip pinch, and palmar pinch). The 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) was used to analyze the QoL. All measurements were performed before, immediately after, and three months after treatment. Results: Improvement was observed in pain score at rest and during ADL, DHI scores, gross and fine grip strengths, and SF-36 subscores in both groups after treatment. However, no significant difference was observed between the groups. Conclusion: Both fluidotherapy and paraffin bath therapy have been found to have positive effects on pain, hand muscle strength, functional status, and QoL in the treatment of hand OA. However, no superiority was observed between the two treatment modalities.

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Comparison of Distal Limb Warming With Fluidotherapy and Warm Water Immersion for Mild Hypothermia Rewarming

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Brief Rewarming Blunts Hypothermia-Induced Alterations in Sensation, Motor Drive and Cognition

Brief Rewarming Blunts Hypothermia-Induced Alterations in Sensation, Motor Drive and Cognition

A Novel Cooling Method and Comparison of Active Rewarming of Mildly Hypothermic Subjects

Comparison of efficacy of fluidotherapy and paraffin bath in hand osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial

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