Comparison of different methods for calculating thermal bridges: Application to wood-frame buildings

Contribution of structural lightweight aggregate concrete to the reduction of thermal bridging effect in buildings

“…A thermal bridge is a part of the building envelope where the thermal resistance is significantly reduced as a result of full or partial penetration of the building envelope by materials with a different thermal conductivity and/ or a change in thickness of the fabric and/or a difference between internal and external areas, such as wall/floor/ceiling junctions [8,9]. In general, thermal bridges result in a change of heat flow rate and of internal surface temperature [8].…”

Boundary Conditions Accuracy Effect on the Numerical Simulations of the Thermal Performance of Building Elements

“…Kontoleon and Eumorfopoulou [5], Zhang and Wachenfeldt [6], Viot et al [7], and Yang et al [8] employed sinusoidal functions to model the fluctuations in the exterior temperature over time. The outside environmental data in Kontoleon and Eumorfopoulou [5] correspond to the mild Mediterranean climate, which can be represented by a steady pattern with approximately the same diurnal average over a period of several days.…”

“…The outside environmental data in Kontoleon and Eumorfopoulou [5] correspond to the mild Mediterranean climate, which can be represented by a steady pattern with approximately the same diurnal average over a period of several days. The temperatures of the outdoor environment were varied from 22 • C to 30 • C, while the selected desired indoor temperature was 24 • C. In Zhang and Wachenfeldt [6], a sinusoidal temperature profile fluctuating between 20 • C and 30 • C over a period of 5 days was applied, with the initial temperature for all of the models set to 20 • C. The heat transfer coefficient between the wall surface and the media temperature was calculated according to the standard EN 15265:2007 as 8 W/m 2 • C. The model used for the work undertaken in Viot et al [7] similarly used a cyclic outside temperature ranging between 10 • C and 30 • C over a 24 h period for three days, considering a constant internal temperature of 20 • C. When the AC is working, the indoor temperature is assumed to be 26 • C. Yang et al [8] also employed a periodic function to simulate the outdoor temperature conditions, and for the exterior and interior surfaces, the convection heat transfer coefficients were 18.3 W/m 2 • C and 8.6 W/m 2 • C, respectively.…”

“…Index j was increased by 1 and the process continued until the maximum number of iterations J max was reached or when the RMSE representing the data dropped below a threshold defined by E J < E th . 7. When the process was completed then…”

3D Dynamic Simulation of Heat Conduction through a Building Corner Using a BEM Model in the Frequency Domain

“…To understand how thermal bridges effectively contribute to the overall energy performance of a building, some researchers have been working on simplified numerical approaches [13] that can incorporate thermal bridging analysis in software for the dynamic simulation of a whole building. The "thermally equivalent wall" idea was first presented by Kossecka and Kosny [14].…”