Comparison of Different Irrigants in the Removal of Endotoxins and Cultivable Microorganisms from Infected Root Canals

Valera, Márcia Carneiro; Cardoso, Flávia Goulart da Rosa; Chung, Adriana; Xavier, Ana Cláudia Carvalho; Figueiredo, Mariana Diehl; Martinho, Frederico Canato; Palo, Renato Miotto

doi:10.1155/2015/125636

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…There have also been more recent studies that have the same results ( Carvalho et al ., 2020 ; Plutzer et al ., 2018 ; Valera et al ., 2014 ). Similarly for E. coli , NaOCl has been reported in the literature as an effective irrigant in disinfecting microorganisms in the RCS lumen at 2.5% concentration ( Maekawa et al ., 2011 ) and in preventing E. coli regrowth ( Valera et al ., 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

et al. 2020

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Background: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of NaOCl solution (2.5%) and gel (3%) with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and their endotoxins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Methods: 40 human lower premolars were contaminated with E. coli (ATCC 25922) for 28 days and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) for 21 days. Specimens were randomly divided into four groups: (1) 2.5% NaOCl irrigating the canals without PUI activation; (2) 2.5% NaOCl with PUI; (3) 3% NaOCl gel irrigating the canals without PUI; and (4) 3% NaOCl gel with PUI. 40 mL of irrigant was used for each group. PUI activation was carried out using E1-Irrisonic stainless-steel tip at 10% frequency. After treatment, all specimens were filled with 3mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 3min and then washed with nonpyrogenic saline solution. Three samples were collected from the canals: S1, at baseline to confirm biofilm formation; S2 after treatment; and S3 after EDTA. Samples were assessed for E. coli and E. faecalis colony forming units, and LPS and LTA were assessed using chromogenic kinetic LAL assay and ELISA, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Friedmann and Dunn tests with α≤0.05. Results: All groups were effective in reducing the microbial load of E. coli and E. faecalis after treatment without a significant difference among the groups. NaOCl and NaOCl gel groups had no significant difference in reducing LPS and LTA. Statistically increased reduction was seen for NaOCL + PUI and NaOCl gel + PUI compared for groups without PUI. Conclusions: NaOCl gel has the same antimicrobial action of NaOCl solution and can partially detoxify endotoxins. PUI improves NaOCl (gel or solution) action over E. faecalis and E. coli and their endotoxins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…it reduces the endotoxin level but does not completely eliminate them ( Neelakantan et al ., 2019 ). However, adding chloride alkali electrolyte-stable anionic surfactant has been shown to improve NaOCl effectivity because it reduces superficial tension ( Valera et al ., 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

et al. 2020

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“…Root canal disinfection is the essential key to endodontic management. Sodium hypochlorite at 2.5%–5.25% is the irrigant of choice; efficiency is related to the delivery system which must be thin to reach the complex apical regions allowing full disinfection [ 8 , 10 , 24 ]. Considering the complexity of the canal system, full potentiality of the irrigant is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several irrigation agents have been developed in response to chemical disinfection. However, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) remains the irrigant of choice [ 5 – 7 ] due to its antibacterial nature, dissolving both necrotic and organic matter within the smear layer [ 8 ]. The Scientific Committee Consensus [ 6 , 8 – 10 ] recommends a concentration of 2.5% to 5.25% of sodium hypochlorite, providing adequate balance between disinfection and toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological Evaluation of Penetration of the Irrigant according to Three Endodontic Irrigation Techniques

Dhaimy¹,

Imdary²,

Dhoum³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Dentistry

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Introduction. This experimental study is to compare radiographs based on the penetration depth of the irrigant following three final irrigation techniques. Material and Method. A sample of sixty teeth with single roots were prepared with stainless steel K files followed by mechanized Ni-Ti files iRace® under irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Radiopaque solution was utilized to measure the penetration depth of the irrigant. Three irrigation techniques were performed during this study: (i) passive irrigation, (ii) manually activated irrigation, and (iii) passive irrigation with an endodontic needle CANAL CLEAN®. Radiographs were performed to measure the length of irrigant penetration in each technique. Results. In comparison, passive irrigation with a conventional syringe showed infiltration of the irrigant by an average of 0.682 ± 0.105, whereas the manually activated irrigation technique indicated an average of 0.876 ± 0.066 infiltration. Irrigation with an endodontic syringe showed an average infiltration of 0.910 ± 0.043. The results revealed highly significant difference between the three irrigation techniques (α = 5%). Conclusion. Adding manual activation to the irrigant improved the result by 20%. This study indicates that passive irrigation with an endodontic needle has proved to be the most effective irrigation technique of the canal system.

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“…Sin embargo, al comparar los efectos en cuanto a la capacidad de reducción de E. Faecalis de los conductos radiculares, entre hipoclorito de sodio al 2,5% y clorhexidina al 2% con aplicaciones de terapia fotodinámica en ambos, se evidenció un mayor efecto desinfectante del hipoclorito de sodio (2) . Por otra parte, evaluando la sustantividad antimicrobiana de los diferentes irrigantes, gluconato de clorhexidina al 2%, povidona yodada al 1%, peróxido de hidrógeno al 2,5%,seguido de hipoclorito de sodio al 2%, hipoclorito de sodio al 2% y solución salina, se evidenció el mayor resultado en actividad antimicrobiana y sustantividad de la clorhexidina al 2% como irrigante durante 72 horas, recomendándolo para ser este utilizado como enjuague final en protocolos de tratamiento endodóntico (7) . KIRU.…”

Section: Características De Las Soluciones Desinfectantes Irrigadorasunclassified

Comparación entre clorhexidina e hipoclorito de sodio como soluciones desinfectantes en la práctica endodóntica

Andrade¹,

Bustamante²,

Guevara³

et al. 2017

Kiru

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RESUMENEl éxito de los tratamientos endodónticos depende tanto de una buena conformación de los conductos radiculares como de la correcta desinfección del espacio pulpar ya que los organismos que habitan en las paredes de los conductos radiculares pueden sobrevivir como monocultivos por lo que es indispensable además de la eliminación mecánica de los lipopolisacáridos es uso de irrigantes como el hipoclorito de sodio que es uno de los irrigantes más utilizados para la desinfección de los conductos radiculares ya que nos permite disolver tejidos orgánicos además de su fuerte actividad antimicrobiana, la clorhexidina que tiene características biocompatibles además de dos características útiles al momento de la desinfección de los conductos radiculares como los son la sustentabilidad y su acción antimicrobiana o el ácido etilendiaminotetraacetico (EDTA) que presenta características quelantes que nos permite la eliminación de la capa de frotis o barrillo dentinario producto de la instrumentación mecánica de los conductos radiculares además de favorecer la acción de otros irrigantes a llegar a los túbulos dentinarios y sus ramificaciones. Palabras clave: Clorhexidina; hipoclorito de sodio; endodoncia. (Fuente: DeCS) ABSTRACTThe success of endodontic treatments depends both on a good conformation of the root canals and on the correct disinfection of the pulp space, since the organisms that live in the walls of the root canals can survive as monocultures. Mechanics of lipopolysaccharides is the use of irrigators such as sodium hypochlorite which is one of the most widely used irrigators for the disinfection of root canals as it allows us to dissolve organic tissues in addition to their strong antimicrobial activity, chlorhexidine that has biocompatible characteristics in addition to Two characteristics useful at the time of disinfection of the root canal, such as sustainability and its antimicrobial action or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which has chelating characteristics that allow the elimination of the smear layer or dentin barrel product of mechanical instrumentation Of the root canals as well as favoring the action of other irrigators to reach the dentinal tubules and their ramifications.

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Comparison of Different Irrigants in the Removal of Endotoxins and Cultivable Microorganisms from Infected Root Canals

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and their endotoxins

Radiological Evaluation of Penetration of the Irrigant according to Three Endodontic Irrigation Techniques

Comparación entre clorhexidina e hipoclorito de sodio como soluciones desinfectantes en la práctica endodóntica

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