Comparison of diaminodiphenylsulphonepyrimethamine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations in the treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand

Segal, Herbert E.; Chinvanthananond, Prem; Laixuthai, Bunharn; Pearlman, Eliot J.; Hall, Anthony; Phintuyothin, P; Na-Nakorn, Amporn; Castaneda, Ben F.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(75)90023-1

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…CQ resistance was first reported in this region in the early 1960s (16,20,53). In 1973, the malaria control program of Thailand introduced SP as the first-line drug for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria (7,11,12,30,41). The efficacy of SP decreased sharply, and by 1980, the cure rate dropped to Ͻ25% in some Thai provinces (8,10,21,37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Tracking Origins and Spread of Sulfadoxine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum dhps Alleles in Thailand

Alam

Vinayak

Congpuong

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The emergence and spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum have been a major impediment for the control of malaria worldwide. Earlier studies have shown that similar to chloroquine (CQ) resistance, high levels of pyrimethamine resistance in P. falciparum originated independently 4 to 5 times globally, including one origin at the Thailand-Cambodia border. In this study we describe the origins and spread of sulfadoxineresistance-conferring dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) alleles in Thailand. The dhps mutations and flanking microsatellite loci were genotyped for P. falciparum isolates collected from 11 Thai provinces along the Burma, Cambodia, and Malaysia borders. Results indicated that resistant dhps alleles were fixed in Thailand, predominantly being the SGEGA, AGEAA, and SGNGA triple mutants and the AGKAA double mutant (mutated codons are underlined). These alleles had different geographical distributions. The SGEGA alleles were found mostly at the Burma border, while the SGNGA alleles occurred mainly at the Cambodia border and nearby provinces. Microsatellite data suggested that there were two major genetic lineages of the triple mutants in Thailand, one common for SGEGA/SGNGA alleles and another one independent for AGEAA. Importantly, the newly reported SGNGA alleles possibly originated at the Thailand-Cambodia border. All parasites in the Yala province (Malaysia border) had AGKAA alleles with almost identical flanking microsatellites haplotypes. They were also identical at putatively neutral loci on chromosomes 2 and 3, suggesting a clonal nature of the parasite population in Yala. In summary, this study suggests multiple and independent origins of resistant dhps alleles in Thailand.

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confidence: 99%

Tracking Origins and Spread of Sulfadoxine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum dhps Alleles in Thailand

Alam

Vinayak

Congpuong

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…While pyrimethamine has a relatively long half-life of approximately 95h [83], dapsone is considerably shorter lived (approximately 24h [84]). This resulted in a decreased synergy after the second day post treatment and thus low efficacy [85]. While both sulfadoxine and sulfalene have longer half-lives (180h and 65h respectively [83]), it is Fansidar© that found wide application in the treatment of malaria.…”

Section: Antifolate-antifolate Combination Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Combination Therapies: Advantages and Shortcomings

Martinelli¹,

Moreira

Cravo

2008

MRMC

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“…The half-life of dapsone is around 24 h, 43 and, as a result, from the second day of treatment, the synergic property of the combination is substantially reduced, decreasing the drug efficacy, and explaining the relatively low efficacy of this drug combination. 44 Fansidar Ò has been extensively used as an antimalarial in most malaria endemic areas. Though the efficacy of Fansidar Ò and Metakelfin Ò is comparable, 45 Fansidar Ò has been more widely used than Metakelfin Ò .…”

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confidence: 99%

The past, present and future of antifolates in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infection

Nzila

2006

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

157

103

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Chemotherapy remains the most important means of controlling malaria, one of the deadliest infectious parasitic diseases in the world. Antimalarial antifolates have been central for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. This drug family was discovered in the 1940s, during the Second World War, and molecules that are currently in clinical use were discovered at that time. Since the 1940s, no new antimalarial antifolates have been developed that have reached Phase I/II stages. Limited work has been carried out to exploit the inhibition of the malaria folate pathway as a means of discovering new drugs. In this review, work carried out on antimalarial antifolates since the 1940s up to the present time is discussed in terms of discovery, clinical use, mode of action and mechanism of resistance. New concepts have been presented to improve antimalarial antifolate in vivo efficacy and to identify potent new antifolate agents.

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Comparison of diaminodiphenylsulphonepyrimethamine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations in the treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Tracking Origins and Spread of Sulfadoxine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum dhps Alleles in Thailand

Tracking Origins and Spread of Sulfadoxine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum dhps Alleles in Thailand

Malaria Combination Therapies: Advantages and Shortcomings

The past, present and future of antifolates in the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infection

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