Comparison of Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit Disorders in a German Elementary School Sample

Baumgaertel, Anna; Wolraich, Mark L.; Dietrich, Mary S.

doi:10.1097/00004583-199505000-00015

Cited by 345 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These subtypes were developed empirically from the DSM-IV field trials [35]. Differences in school performance according to this typology have been reported in a large series, children with predominantly inattentive attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder having more academic problems than children with predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type [36]. However, no differences were observed in measures of neuropsychological functioning among the three attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired emotional facial expression recognition in alcoholics, opiate dependence subjects, methadone maintained subjects and mixed alcohol-opiate antecedents subjects compared with normal controls

Kornreich

Foisy

Philippot³

et al. 2003

Psychiatry Research

132

102

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In ADHD, impaired interpersonal relationships have been documented. They have been hypothesized to be secondary to impairment of receptive nonverbal language. Recognition of emotional facial expressions is an important aspect of receptive nonverbal language, and it has been demonstrated to be central to organization of emotional and social behavior. This study investigated the identification of facial expression of four emotions (joy, anger, disgust, and sadness) in a group of 30 children aged 7-12 years who met the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD disorder of the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type and have no comorbid mental retardation, specific learning difficulties, developmental coordination disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, conduct disorder, bipolar disorder, or substance abuse, and in 30 matched unimpaired control children. The test used includes 16 validated photographs depicting these emotions in varying intensities constructed by morphing. Children with ADHD exhibited a general deficit in decoding emotional facial expressions, with specific deficit in identifying anger and sadness. Self-rating of the task difficulty revealed lack of awareness of decoding errors in the ADHD group as compared with control subjects. Within the ADHD group, there was a significant correlation between interpersonal problems and emotional facial expression decoding impairment, which was more marked for anger expressions. These results suggest suboptimal nonverbal decoding abilities in ADHD that may have important implications for therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired emotional facial expression recognition in alcoholics, opiate dependence subjects, methadone maintained subjects and mixed alcohol-opiate antecedents subjects compared with normal controls

Kornreich

Foisy

Philippot³

et al. 2003

Psychiatry Research

132

102

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“…A recent population-study ) of 7-year-old children showed almost exactly the same rate (60%) of ODD in ADHD. Other studies report an overlap of about 30 to 60% between ADHD and ODD, either alone or combined with conduct disorder, in both clinical and community surveys of children and adolescents (Biederman et al 1991, Baumgaertel et al 1995, Wolraich et al 1996, Eiraldi et al 1997. ODD was significantly less common in children with ADHD of the inattentive subtype and particularly frequent in the combined subtype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder with and without oppositional defiant disorder in 3‐ to 7‐year‐old children

Kadesjö

Hägglöf

Gillberg

2003

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with a high degree of associated behavioural problems. In order to study characteristics of ADHD with and without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in a representative group of young children with clinical impairment in Sweden, 131 children (101 males, 30 females) with ADHD (mean age 5 years, SD 1 year 5 months; range 3 to 7 years) were clinically examined, and their parents interviewed. Independent questionnaire data (Child Behavior Checklist, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, ODD Rating Scale-IV, Conners Hyperactivity Index) were collected. For comparison 131 children without ADHD were matched for sex, age, marital status, and socioeconomic status (115 males, 16 females; mean age 4 years 10 months, SD 1 year 5 months; range 3 to 7 years). Sixty percent of those with ADHD met full DSM-IV criteria for ODD. Only 10 of the 131 children with ADHD had no symptoms of ODD at all. The rate of children meeting full diagnostic criteria for ODD was similar across all age cohorts. Males were overrepresented in ODD, as were children of divorced parents and of mothers with low socioeconomic status. ADHD combined subtype was a stable independent factor influencing the diagnosis of ODD, regardless of psychosocial factors. Those with ADHD with ODD consistently showed higher rates of ADHD symptoms than did those with ADHD without ODD. The prevalent comorbidity of ADHD with ODD indicates that all children presenting with ADHD or ODD symptoms need to be assessed with a view to exploring both types of problem behaviours. The link between ODD and some psychosocial variables indicates the need to address these, possibly by measures such as parent training and network support.

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“…2 The findings of this study are meaningful because the possible The results of DSM-IV field trials and subsequent work have suggested that children with ADHD, combined subtype, display more externalizing behaviour problems than children with other subtypes, whereas subjects with ADHD, inattentive subtype, exhibit less disruptive behaviour comorbidity than those with other subtypes. [10][11][12] However, there is currently no clear consensus on the association of ADHD subtypes and other forms of psychopathology. Further studies to identify differences in the behavioural characteristics between the community-and clinic-based subjects with ADHD will be required; in addition to including a greater number of participants, future studies should also consider the associated psychopathology of ADHD subtypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Child Behavior Checklist Profiles between Community- and Clinic-Based Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Korea

Suh¹,

Kim

Yoo

et al. 2007

Can J Psychiatry

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Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether there is a difference in the behavioural characteristics of community-and clinic-based children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Korea. Method:The study included 75 community-based and 72 clinic-based subjects with ADHD. The parents of all the children completed the parent versions of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results:The community-based ADHD subjects scored significantly higher (P < 0.01) than clinic-based subjects in the Somatic Complaints and Delinquent Behaviour profiles of the CBCL. The community-based subjects with ADHD, combined subtype, showed significantly higher mean scores in the Somatic Complaints (P < 0.01) and Thought Problems (P < 0.05) profiles than the clinic-based subjects with ADHD, combined subtype. Conclusion:These findings suggest the possibility of an increased incidence of behavioural or emotional problems in community-based ADHD subjects when compared with clinic-based subjects in Korea. Clinical Implications· There is a possibility that community-based ADHD subjects show more psychiatric problems than clinic-based subjects in developing countries. · The population-based samples of ADHD in Korea might be prone to an increased incidence of internalizing problems due to the underdetection of ADHD symptoms and a lack of adequate support from the community. · Clinicians should consider the possibility of higher levels of associated psychopathology in population-based subjects with ADHD, compared with clinic-based ADHD subjects, in developing nations. Limitations· The sample size of subjects with ADHD was relatively small. · The subjects might not be representative of all the children with ADHD in Korea.

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Comparison of Diagnostic Criteria for Attention Deficit Disorders in a German Elementary School Sample

Cited by 345 publications

References 13 publications

Impaired emotional facial expression recognition in alcoholics, opiate dependence subjects, methadone maintained subjects and mixed alcohol-opiate antecedents subjects compared with normal controls

Impaired emotional facial expression recognition in alcoholics, opiate dependence subjects, methadone maintained subjects and mixed alcohol-opiate antecedents subjects compared with normal controls

Attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder with and without oppositional defiant disorder in 3‐ to 7‐year‐old children

Comparison of the Child Behavior Checklist Profiles between Community- and Clinic-Based Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Korea

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