Comparison of Delivery Characteristics from a Combination Metered-Dose Inhaler Using the Andersen Cascade Impactor and the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor

Guo, Chunyi; Gillespie, Stacey R.; Kauffman, John F.; Doub, William H.

doi:10.1002/jps.21203

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A typical ACI operates at 28.3 L/min to evaluate particle sizes in a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). However, an ACI modified for a dry powder inhaler (DPI) operates at 60 L/min and is generally equipped with a preseparator to prevent overloading of the particles [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comparison of Fluid Dynamics Parameters in an Andersen Cascade Impactor Equipped With and Without a Preseparator

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The fluid dynamic data in Andersen cascade impactor (ACI) are still lacking. Airflows and those affected parameters can be predicted in a preseparator and Andersen cascade impactor (ACI) by computational modeling. This study developed a validated computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model of an ACI and investigated the effects of the preseparator on the CFD parameters. Validation of the computational nozzle velocity for each of the stage 0 to stage 5 of the ACI stages was found to be within a 3.56% error. The flow field indicated that the preseparator accelerated the airflow velocity at the induction tube from 1.13 to 3.71±0.09 m/s and 2.40 to 8.68±0.16 m/s (at 28.3 and 60 L/min of flow rate, respectively). The preseparator produced a nozzle's wall shear stress ranged from 0.08 to 0.34 Pa on a collection plate, while the ex-preseparator spread wall shear from the plate's center was in a range of 0.11 to 0.37 Pa (at 28.3 L/min of flow rate). Moreover, the nozzle velocities increased along the distance from the middle of the collection plate to the periphery. The CFD explained the airflow of the preseparator equipped model by accelerating the airflow along the inlet port to maximize the trapping of desirable particles and the generation of a smooth wall shear stress at the collection plate to reduce the particle reentrainment. While, the ex-preseparator generated an airflow that resulted in a higher wall shear stress occurring on the lower stages.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comparison of Fluid Dynamics Parameters in an Andersen Cascade Impactor Equipped With and Without a Preseparator

et al. 2014

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“…On the contrary, particles were suspected to have a higher velocity at the higher volumetric flow rate, which increased the amount of particles that deposited in the induction port (including the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) throat, the glass sampling chamber, and the preseparator). 28 The influence of flow rate on shear may be considered in a similar manner as tubing diameter, which in this case is 6.5 mm ID. When applying a high volumetric flow rate, the air flow has a higher velocity, resulting in higher shear force.…”

Section: Effect Of Flow Rate On Powder Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the %FPF increased as the flow rate increased, as expected. 18,23,28 The distribution shifted toward a smaller MMAD (Fig. 7).…”

Section: Effect Of Flow Rate On Powder Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocluster Budesonide Formulations Enhance Drug Delivery through Endotracheal Tubes

Pornputtapitak

El-Gendy

Berkland

2012

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…To enhance lung penetration, the Respimat inhaler was designed to aerosolize the metered dose with droplets mostly within the respirable size range >1 μm to <5.8 μm. 19,20 This high fine-droplet fraction (around 66%) 21 is almost double that reported for most pMDIs and dry powder inhalers, 22 and enhances deposition of drug deep into the airways. The proportion of the ex-mouthpiece delivered dose deposited in the lungs from the Respimat inhaler compared with most hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)-or CFC-MDIs (ex-valve metered dose) is reported to be about two to three times greater (Figure 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Efficiency of Ipratropium Bromide and Albuterol Deposition in the Lung Delivered via a Soft Mist Inhaler or Chlorofluorocarbon Metered‐Dose Inhaler

ZuWallack

Rubano

et al. 2016

Clinical Translational Sci

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The propellant‐free Combivent Respimat Soft Mist Inhaler (CVT‐R) was developed to replace the chlorofluorocarbon‐propelled Combivent metered‐dose inhaler (CVT‐MDI). This steady‐state pharmacokinetic (PK) substudy evaluated drug lung‐delivery efficiency, using data from two phase III safety and efficacy trials. PK parameters were obtained from well‐controlled population PK analyses. Area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC), maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax), and minimum observed plasma concentration (Cmin) showed systemic exposure to ipratropium bromide and albuterol delivered via the CVT‐R was proportional to ex‐mouthpiece delivered dose. Although the labeled dose of ipratropium bromide in the CVT‐R was half that in the CVT‐MDI, the systemic exposure was comparable. No PK interaction for the ipratropium bromide and albuterol Respimat drug components was demonstrated. Ipratropium bromide alone resulted in similar exposure to the combination of ipratropium bromide and albuterol. These results show that CVT‐R delivers drug more efficiently to the lung than CVT‐MDI.

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Comparison of Delivery Characteristics from a Combination Metered-Dose Inhaler Using the Andersen Cascade Impactor and the Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

The Comparison of Fluid Dynamics Parameters in an Andersen Cascade Impactor Equipped With and Without a Preseparator

The Comparison of Fluid Dynamics Parameters in an Andersen Cascade Impactor Equipped With and Without a Preseparator

Nanocluster Budesonide Formulations Enhance Drug Delivery through Endotracheal Tubes

Efficiency of Ipratropium Bromide and Albuterol Deposition in the Lung Delivered via a Soft Mist Inhaler or Chlorofluorocarbon Metered‐Dose Inhaler

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