Comparison of Cytokine Induction by Lipopolysaccharide of <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> with <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> in Mice

Jotwani, Ravi; Tanaka, Yasunori; Watanabe, Kunitomo; Tanaka-Bandoh, Kaori; Kato, Naoya; Ueno, Kazue

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1994.tb01854.x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It has been also demonstrated that production of the inflammatory mediators depends critically not only upon the genus of bacteria used but also upon the species of bacteria [29,30,31,32,33]. Nevertheless, the inherent properties of an invading bacterium may influence the cytokine profile that is ultimately produced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae strain-dependent lung inflammatory responses in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia

et al. 2003

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These findings confirm that the production of the pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators are critically dependent not only upon the different species of bacteria used to establish the experimental infection but also upon the different strains of a specific bacterial species used, i.e., S. pneumoniae in this study. These substantially different host responses were not serotype dependent. Moreover, the profile of lung pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines within 48 h postinfection, at least in this pneumonia model, was not related to outcome of animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus pneumoniae strain-dependent lung inflammatory responses in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia

et al. 2003

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“…This study on cytokine mRNA expression in the liver and serum cytokine levels provides an approach towards the understanding of the role of cytokines in the early immune response upon infection with S. typhimurium. It has been described that lipopolysaccharide of S. typhimurium is a potent inductor of cytokines [16]. In our experiments, infection with 10 9 bacteria led to lethal septic shock which was associated with a delayed and suppressed cytokine mRNA expression, milder histological 476 A. P. Barreiros et al alterations in the liver and lower serum cytokine levels in these animals suggesting that delayed induction of cytokines like IL-10, IFN-g or IL-18 is associated with the fatal clinical outcome in these animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quality of the isolated cytoplasmatic RNA was controlled by gel electrophoresis. cDNA was generated by reverse transcription using M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Gibco, Gaithersburg, USA) and oligo (dT) 16 primer (Sigma, Geisenhofen, Germany) in 10 ml reaction buffer. According to different background levels for each cytokine as determined in control mice, either 5 or 10 mg RNA were used for reverse transcription (10 mg RNA: actin, TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-2; 5 mg RNA: IL-1b, IL-12/p35, IL-12/p40, IL-18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Early Immune Response in the Liver of BALB/c Mice Infected with S. typhimurium

et al. 2000

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Gram-negative bacteria acquired through gastrointestinal infection can be a serious cause for the development of septic shock especially in immunosuppressed patients. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the early events of the immune reaction against S. typhimurium. Bacteria were injected into mice at different concentrations. Four animals from each group were killed at five different points of time. Liver cytokine mRNA expression was determined by semiquantitative rt-PCR and liver histology was examined. Serum cytokine levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4 and IL-10 were determined. intravenous (i.v.) infection with 109 bacteria led to lethal septic shock within 24 h. A delayed production of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-18 and IL-10 and milder histological alterations in the liver were observed in these animals. The highest expression of cytokines in the liver and the strongest histological alterations were seen after infection with 107 bacteria. Here, an increased mRNA expression of all proinflammatory cytokines began 1 h after infection. Animals infected with 1 x 102 bacteria had the highest detectable serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10. These data indicate that the immediate events in the immune reaction within the liver after infection with S. typhimurium are associated with the outcome of the subsequent sepsis.

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“…This may result in cytokine release, which in turn, may modulate the ensuing specific immune response. The most extensively studied bacterial products are bacterial endotoxins or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Gram‐negative bacteria [1, 2]. Lately, it has also been shown that Gram‐positive bacteria and some of their products, for example peptidoglycan [3], lipoteichoic acid [4–6], polysaccharides [7] and toxins such as toxic‐shock‐syndrome toxin‐I [8] can induce cytokine production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Phagocyte‐Stimulating and Th1‐Promoting Cytokines by In Vitro Stimulation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Streptococcus pneumoniae

Arvå¹,

Åndersson²

1999

Scand J Immunol

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Polymorphonuclear granulocytes, which provide a major defence against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, are attracted to and activated by various cytokines. The aim of this study was to analyse the cytokine response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to stimulation with S. pneumoniae. Strains belonging to serogroups 4, 6, 14, 19 or 23, were isolated from nasopharynx, middle ear fluid, cerebrospinal fluid or blood. All strains induced a marked proliferative response of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells; the stimulatory index was 34+/-11. High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were induced, i.e. interleukin (IL)-1beta (53+/-25 ng/ml), IL-6 (347+/-41 ng/ml) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (15+/-4 ng/ml). Also, chemokines and immunoregulatory cytokines including IL-8 (215+/-224 ng/ml), IL-10 (122+/-60 pg/ml), IL-12 (1195+/-648 pg/ml), interferon (IFN)-gamma (18+/-4 ng/ml) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (135+/-80 pg/ml) were induced. Several of these cytokines can up-regulate phagocytosis and the killing of bacteria. Interestingly, strains isolated from middle ear fluid and blood elicited significantly fewer IL-8 and significantly more IL-12 and IL-10 than strains from nasopharynx. They also induced a stronger proliferative response. Our results indicate that pneumococci are potent inducers of cytokines, especially IL-12, favouring T-helper cell type 1 (Th1) responses.

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Comparison of Cytokine Induction by Lipopolysaccharide of Bacteroides fragilis with Salmonella typhimurium in Mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Streptococcus pneumoniae strain-dependent lung inflammatory responses in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia

Streptococcus pneumoniae strain-dependent lung inflammatory responses in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia

The Early Immune Response in the Liver of BALB/c Mice Infected with S. typhimurium

Induction of Phagocyte‐Stimulating and Th1‐Promoting Cytokines by In Vitro Stimulation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Streptococcus pneumoniae

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