Comparison of Creel Returns from Rainbow Trout Stocked at Two Sizes

Walters, Jody P.; Fresques, Tom D.; Bryan, Scott D.

doi:10.1577/1548-8675(1997)017<0474:cocrfr>2.3.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Success of supplementation programmes is typically based on estimates of contributions of stocked fish to older age classes (Li et al. 1996) or return to post stocking assessments (Walters et al. 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatchery rearing environment and age affect survival and movements of stocked juvenile lake sturgeon

Crossman¹,

Forsythe²,

Scribner³

et al. 2010

Fisheries Management and Ecology

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Considerable uncertainty exists over the relative merits of alternative supplementation strategies for lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque. Numerous supplementation prescriptions have been advocated, largely in the absence of data, focusing on perceived impacts of levels of genetic diversity of progeny collected using different collection methods, and probabilities of survival relative to the size or age of fish released. The hypothesis that collection method, hatchery rearing environment and size/age at the time of release do not influence survival and movements was tested. Acipenser fulvescens gametes and juveniles were collected using three methods and reared in a stream-side hatchery along the natal stream and in a traditional non-natal hatchery environment. Acipenser fulvescens were released into the Upper Black River, Michigan at 8, 13, and 17 weeks of age. Higher rates of recapture were found for juvenile sturgeon reared in the stream-side hatchery than the traditional hatchery for the releases at 8 and 13 weeks. Recapture rates and dispersal distances were significantly greater for fish stocked at 17 weeks than for fish released at earlier ages. Large body size was negatively correlated with timing of movements across all ages indicating that survival may be enhanced by releasing individuals at night. Results indicate that supplementation protocols for A. fulvescens should be developed on a system specific basis and demonstrate the importance of hatchery-rearing environment when fish of younger ages are released. K E Y W O R D S :Acipenser fulvescens, collection methods, dispersal, supplementation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hatchery rearing environment and age affect survival and movements of stocked juvenile lake sturgeon

Crossman¹,

Forsythe²,

Scribner³

et al. 2010

Fisheries Management and Ecology

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show abstract

“…However, stocking trout in the fall generally results in lower creel returns and recaptures during the next spring or summer (Cresswell ; Walters et al. ; Bettinger and Bettoli ). Stocking of catchable‐sized trout prior to winter in North Carolina Appalachian Mountain streams is done to provide increased recreational fishing opportunities that would otherwise not exist due to low or nonexistent trout production in seasonally suitable waters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Walters et al. ). Additionally, despite greater production cost per fish, the stocking of larger fish is often more economical than stocking sub‐catchable trout (Wiley et al.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Growth, Condition, and Trophic Relations of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

et al. 2019

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Stream trout fisheries are among the most popular and valuable in the United States, but many are dependent on hatcheries to sustain fishing and harvest. Thus, understanding the ecology of hatchery‐reared trout stocked in natural environments is fundamental to management. We evaluated the growth, condition, and trophic relations of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Brown Trout Salmo trutta, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that were stocked in southern Appalachian Mountain streams in western North Carolina. Stocked and wild (naturalized) trout were sampled over time (monthly; September 2012–June 2013) to compare condition and diet composition and to evaluate temporal dynamics of trophic position with stable isotope analysis. Relative weights (Wr) of stocked trout were inversely associated with their stream residence time but were consistently higher than those of wild trout. Weight loss of harvested stocked trout was similar among species and sizes, but fish stocked earlier lost more weight. Overall, 40% of 141 stomachs from stocked trout were empty compared to 15% of wild trout stomachs (N = 26). We identified a much higher rate of piscivory in wild trout (18 times that of stocked trout), and wild trout were 4.3 times more likely to consume gastropods relative to stocked trout. Hatchery‐reared trout were isotopically similar to co‐occurring wild fish for both δ13C and δ15N values but were less variable than wild trout. Differences in sulfur isotope ratios (δ34S) between wild and hatchery‐reared trout indicated that the diets of wild fish were enriched in δ34S relative to the diets of hatchery‐reared fish. Although hatchery‐reared trout consumed prey items similar to those of wild fish, differences in consumption or behavior (e.g., reduced feeding) may have resulted in lower condition and negative growth. These findings provide critical insight on the trophic dynamics of stocked trout and may assist in developing and enhancing stream trout fisheries.

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“…High natural mortality of small stocked fish due to predation or overwintering mortality can be avoided by stocking fish at appropriate sizes and times of year (Wiley et al. , 1993; Walters, Fresques & Bryan, 1997; Yule et al. , 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bioenergetic assessment of the influence of stocking practices on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth and consumption in a New Zealand lake

et al. 2013

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Summary To investigate the carrying capacity and factors affecting growth of rainbow trout in Lake Rotoiti, we employed a bioenergetics model to assess the influence of stocking rates, timing of releases and prey abundance on growth and prey consumption. We hypothesised that stocking rates and prey abundance would affect growth and prey consumption by influencing per‐capita prey availability, and that the environmental conditions encountered by fish at the time of stocking would affect growth and consumption. Prey consumption of stocked rainbow trout was calculated with the Wisconsin bioenergetics model. We calculated growth trajectories of released trout based on data from stocked trout that were released in spring and autumn from 1993 to 2009 and then re‐captured by anglers. Diet, prey energy density, body mass lost during spawning and lake temperature were measured locally. Stocking timing had no effect on return rates to anglers or length or weight of caught fish. Although trout released in autumn were smaller than those released in spring, autumn‐released trout grew at a faster rate and had similar lengths and weights to spring cohorts after 2 years of growth in the lake. Modelled consumption parameters were negatively correlated with trout population size, suggesting that stocking rates (347–809 fish ha−1 year−1) caused density‐dependent effects on growth. Although common smelt (Retropinna retropinna) accounted for 85% of total prey consumption, no significant relationship was found between prey consumption by individual trout and adult smelt abundance, possibly because trout are targeting smaller smelt that our abundance estimate did not account for. Releasing trout in autumn appears to be advantageous for growth, possibly because (i) temperature is more suitable for growth in autumn–winter than in spring–summer and (ii) prey for small trout is abundant in autumn. Mild winter conditions appear to enhance overwinter survival and growth of rainbow trout in warm‐temperate lakes compared to higher latitudes. This implies that moderately productive warm‐temperate lake ecosystems are highly suitable for trout growth in winter, but less so in summer, when lake stratification and high nutrient levels may create conditions suitable for algal blooms and hypolimnetic deoxygenation. High growth rates of trout in warm‐temperate lakes can therefore be supported by timing releases to coincide with favourable winter conditions.

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Comparison of Creel Returns from Rainbow Trout Stocked at Two Sizes

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Hatchery rearing environment and age affect survival and movements of stocked juvenile lake sturgeon

Hatchery rearing environment and age affect survival and movements of stocked juvenile lake sturgeon

Growth, Condition, and Trophic Relations of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

A bioenergetic assessment of the influence of stocking practices on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth and consumption in a New Zealand lake

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