Comparison of cortically and subcortically controlled motor systems. II. distribution of anterogradely labeled terminal boutons on intracellularly filled rubrospinal neurons in rat and turtle

Keifer, Joyce; Lustig, Daniel G.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000103)416:1<101::aid-cne8>3.0.co;2-r

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(82 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Eight pups were prepared using methods described previously (Karlsson et al, 2005). Briefly, under 2-5% isoflurane anesthesia, a custom-built stainless steel head-fix apparatus was glued to the skull with cyanoacrylate adhesive gel.…”

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described previously (Karlsson et al, 2005), electrophysiological recordings were conducted in a stereotaxic apparatus with the animal's torso secured to a platform and the tail and limbs dangling freely (Fig. 1A).…”

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When consistent evoked responses were confirmed, spontaneous RN and EMG activity during sleep and wakefulness was recorded continuously over a 30 min session. During the recording session, the experimenter scored the pup's wake movements and twitches using computer key presses that registered events in synchrony with the electrophysiological record (Karlsson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Periods of sleep and wakefulness were identified using previously described methods (Karlsson et al, 2005;Mohns and Blumberg, 2010;Sokoloff et al, 2014;Tiriac et al, 2014). Briefly, EMG records were rectified and five 1 s EMG segments each of atonia and high tone were used to calculate mean amplitude of the EMG signal.…”

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to the motor systems responsible for twitching, spinal transections (Robinson et al, 2000), decerebrations (Kreider and Blumberg, 2000), and neural recordings (Karlsson and Blumberg, 2005;Karlsson et al, 2005) in fetal and neonatal rats suggest that spinal mechanisms gradually come under the control of mesopontine circuits. The mesopontine area contains nuclei that are involved in REM sleep generation (Chase and Morales, 1990;Siegel et al, 1992;Leonard and Llinás, 1994;Boissard et al, 2002) and are presumed to produce twitching via brainstem premotor nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Sensorimotor Processing in the Newborn Rat Red Nucleus during Active Sleep

Rio-Bermudez¹,

Sokoloff²,

Blumberg

2015

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sensory feedback from sleep-related myoclonic twitches is thought to drive activity-dependent development in spinal cord and brain. However, little is known about the neural pathways involved in the generation of twitches early in development. The red nucleus (RN), source of the rubrospinal tract, has been implicated in the production of phasic motor activity during active sleep in adults. Here we hypothesized that the RN is also a major source of motor output for twitching in early infancy, a period when twitching is an especially abundant motor behavior. We recorded extracellular neural activity in the RN during sleep and wakefulness in 1-week-old unanesthetized rats. Neurons in the RN fired phasically before twitching and wake movements of the contralateral forelimb. A subpopulation of neurons in the RN exhibited a significant peak of activity after forelimb movement onset, suggesting reafferent sensory processing. Consistent with this observation, manual stimulation of the forelimb evoked RN responses. Unilateral inactivation of the RN using a mixture comprising GABA A , GABA B , and glycine receptor agonists caused an immediate and temporary increase in motor activity followed by a marked and prolonged decrease in twitching and wake movements. Altogether, these data support a causal role for the RN in infant motor behavior. Furthermore, they indicate that twitching, which is characterized by discrete motor output and reafferent input, provides an opportunity for sensorimotor integration and activity-dependent development of topography within the newborn RN.

show abstract

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spontaneous and Evoked Activity In The Rnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Sensorimotor Processing in the Newborn Rat Red Nucleus during Active Sleep

Rio-Bermudez¹,

Sokoloff²,

Blumberg

2015

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Immunocytochemical localization of glutamate receptor subunits in the brain stem and cerebellum of the turtleChrysemys picta

Keifer

Carr

2000

J. Comp. Neurol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The regional distribution of ionotropic (AMPA and NMDA) and metabotropic (mGluR1alpha) glutamate receptor subunits was examined in the brain stem and cerebellum of the pond turtle, Chrysemys picta, by using immunocytochemistry and light microscopy. Subunit-specific antibodies that recognize NMDAR1, GluR1, GluR4, and mGluR1alpha were used to identify immunoreactive nuclei in the brain stem and cerebellum. Considerable immunoreactivity in the turtle brain stem and cerebellum was observed with regional differences occurring primarily in the intensity of staining with the antibodies. The red nucleus, lateral reticular nucleus and cerebellum labeled intensely for NMDAR1 and moderately for GluR1. The cerebellum also labeled strongly for mGluR1alpha. All of the cranial nerve nuclei labeled intensely for NMDAR1 and to varying degrees for GluR1, GluR4, and mGluR1alpha. Counterstaining revealed the presence of neuronal somata where there were no immunoreactive neurons in individual nuclei. This finding suggests that there are subpopulations of immunoreactive neurons within a given nucleus that bear different glutamate receptor subunit compositions. The results suggest that the glutamate receptor subunit distribution in the brain stem and cerebellum of turtles is similar to that reported for rats. Additionally, there is considerable colocalization of NMDA and AMPA receptors as revealed by light microscopy. These results have implications for the organization of neural circuits that control motor behavior in turtles, and, generally, for the function of brain stem and cerebellar neural circuits in vertebrates.

show abstract

Distribution of anterogradely labeled trigeminal and auditory nerve boutons on abducens motor neurons in turtles: Implications for in vitro classical conditioning

Keifer

Mokin

2004

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A conditioned abducens nerve response is generated in in vitro brainstem preparations from turtles by pairing a weak conditioned stimulus (CS) applied to the auditory nerve that immediately precedes an unconditioned stimulus (US) applied to the trigeminal nerve. Tract-tracing studies showed direct projections from auditory and trigeminal nerves to abducens motor neurons. In light of these findings for convergent CS-US inputs, it is hypothesized that auditory and trigeminal nerve synaptic inputs onto abducens motor neurons are in spatial proximity because the CS is a weak input that may be required to be near the US inputs to have an associative effect, and conditioning occurs only when the CS and US are temporally separated by less than 100 ms. This study examined the spatial relationship of 133 anterogradely labeled synaptic boutons conveying CS or US information on retrogradely labeled abducens motor neurons. The results show that trigeminal and auditory nerve terminal fields occupy primarily the soma and proximal dendrites of abducens motor neurons. Quantitative analysis shows that the majority of labeled boutons (76% and 85% from injections of the trigeminal and auditory nerves, respectively) were apposed to somata or were localized to dendritic segments no more than about 30 microm from the nucleus. There were no quantitative differences between trigeminal and auditory nerve boutons in terms of their localization on dendrites or bouton diameter. Finally, triple labeling experiments demonstrated that individual abducens motor neurons receive inputs from both nerves and that these inputs may be in close spatial proximity to one another. This synaptic arrangement allows for the possibility that in vitro abducens conditioning is generated by coincident CS-US detection mediated by NMDA receptors and may utilize a Hebbian-like plasticity mechanism.

show abstract

Comparison of cortically and subcortically controlled motor systems. II. distribution of anterogradely labeled terminal boutons on intracellularly filled rubrospinal neurons in rat and turtle

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Sensorimotor Processing in the Newborn Rat Red Nucleus during Active Sleep

Sensorimotor Processing in the Newborn Rat Red Nucleus during Active Sleep

Immunocytochemical localization of glutamate receptor subunits in the brain stem and cerebellum of the turtleChrysemys picta

Distribution of anterogradely labeled trigeminal and auditory nerve boutons on abducens motor neurons in turtles: Implications for in vitro classical conditioning

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About