Comparison of commercial and in-house real-time PCR platforms for 15 parasites and microsporidia in human stool samples without a gold standard

Köller, Thomas; Hahn, Andreas; Altangerel, Enkhtsetseg; Verweij, Jaco J.; Landt, Olfert; Kann, Simone; Dekker, Denise; May, Jürgen; Loderstädt, Ulrike; Podbielski, Andreas; Frickmann, Hagen

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105516

Cited by 38 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…The higher prevalence found in younger children (81% of the infections) is in accordance with previous observations [ 19 ]. The observed differences in positive findings for G. intestinalis by microscopy and real-time PCR can be explained by the higher sensitivity of the well-established PCR technique [ 3 ] and is a generally well-known phenomenon [ 20 ]. Furthermore, the low sensitivity of microscopy might suggest pathogen concentrations close to or below the microscopic detection threshold, making low-replicative colonization more likely than high-replicative infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also have to state that RT-PCR is not the optimum diagnostic procedure for the detection of E. vermicularis . The low proportion of detected E. vermicularis might be, in part, a consequence of insufficient sensitivity (56%) [ 3 ]. Thus, it is likely that infestations with low worm burdens may have gone undetected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In-house real-time multiplex PCRs for protozoan and helminthic parasites targeting Entamoeba histolytica , Giardia intestinalis , Cryptosporidium spp., and Cyclospora cayetanensis , as well as Necator americanus , Strongyloides stercoralis , Ascaris lumbricoides , Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris trichiura , Schistosoma spp., Enterobius vermicularis , Taenia saginata , Taenia solium , and Hymenolepis nana were performed as described before [ 3 ]. Further, enteroinvasive bacterial pathogens like Campylobacter jejuni , Salmonella spp., Shigella ssp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and Yersinia spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Prevalence of Intestinal Pathogens in Indigenous in Colombia

Kann

Bruennert

Hansen

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: Intestinal infections remain a major public health burden in developing countries. Due to social, ecological, environmental, and cultural conditions, Indigenous peoples in Colombia are at particularly high risk. Materials: 137 stool samples were analyzed by microscopy and real-time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), targeting protozoan parasites (Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium spp., and Cyclospora cayetanensis), bacteria (Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp., Shigella ssp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), Yersinia spp., enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxin-producing E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), and Tropheryma whipplei), and helminths (Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris. trichiura, Taenia spp., Hymenolepis nana, Enterobius vermicularis, and Schistosoma spp.). Microscopy found additional cases of helminth infections. Results: At least one pathogen was detected in 93% of the samples. The overall results revealed protozoa in 79%, helminths in 69%, and bacteria in 41%. G. intestinalis (48%), Necator/hookworm (27%), and EAEC (68%) were the most common in each group. Noteworthy, T. whipplei was positive in 7% and T. trichirua in 23% of the samples. A significant association of one infection promoting the other was determined for G. intestinalis and C. jejuni, helminth infections, and EIEC. Conclusions: The results illustrate the high burden of gastrointestinal pathogens among Indigenous peoples compared to other developing countries. Countermeasures are urgently required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Prevalence of Intestinal Pathogens in Indigenous in Colombia

Kann

Bruennert

Hansen

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…[ 10 ], enteropathogenic protozoa ( Entamoeba histolytica, G. duodenalis, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Cryptosporidium spp.) [ 11 ] as well as intestinal helminths (African Schistosoma spp., Ancylostoma spp., A. lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis nana, Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Taenia saginata, Taenia solium , and Trichuris trichiura ) [ 11 ]. PCR assay characteristics as calculated based on evaluation studies have been detailed elsewhere [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric pathogens in German police officers after predominantly tropical deployments – A retrospective assessment over 5 years

Halfter

Müseler²,

Hagen

et al. 2020

EuJMI

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IntroductionThe study was performed to assess the infection risk of German police officers on predominantly tropical deployments, mostly United Nations missions, with gastrointestinal pathogens.MethodsPolice officers were offered PCR-based screening for gastrointestinal pathogens before and after deployment. The screening panel comprised enteroinvasive bacteria (Salmonella spp., Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Yersinia spp.), enteropathogenic protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., and Cyclospora cayetanensis), as well as enteric helminths (Ancyclostoma spp., Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis nana, Necator americanus, African Schistosoma spp., Strongyloides stercoralis, Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, and Trichuris trichiura).ResultsG. duodenalis (n = 3), C. jejuni (n = 2), Salmonella spp. (n = 1), Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (n = 3), and S. stercoralis (n = 3) were detect in 12 out of 133 (9.0%) police officers. The majority had shown gastrointestinal symptoms on deployment and all were asymptomatic at the time of medical assessment. The major infection sites were Sub-Saharan Africa followed by Northern Africa and the Middle East.ConclusionsDeployment of police officers to tropical deployment sites on United Nations missions is associated with a considerable acquisition risk of gastrointestinal pathogens in a quantitatively relevant minority. Post-deployment screening is advisable to facilitate therapeutic and hygiene-related consequences.

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“…Extraction was performed a few weeks to months after each collection period. Real-time PCR for C. cayetanensis was performed according to the protocol by Verweij and colleagues [40] with the adaptation as detailed by Frickmann and colleagues [41] on RotorGene Q cyclers (Qiagen). Within each run, a negative control based on PCR-grade water and a positive control based on a plasmid as previously described [41] were included.…”

Section: Microscopy and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr)-basmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Differences in Cyclospora cayetanensis Prevalence in Colombian Indigenous People

et al. 2021

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Fecal-orally transmitted cyclosporiasis is frequent in remote resource-limited settings in Central and South America with poor hygiene conditions. In this study, we aimed at assessing seasonal effects on the epidemiology of colonization or infection with C. cayetanensis in Colombian indigenous people living under very restricted conditions. In the rainy season between July and November and in the dry season between January and April, stool samples from indigenous people with and without gastrointestinal symptoms were collected and screened for C. cayetanensis applying in-house real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the rainy season and in the dry season, positive PCR results were observed for 11.8% (16/136) and 5.1% (15/292), respectively, with cycle threshold (Ct) values of 30.6 (±3.4) and 34.4 (±1.6), respectively. Despite higher parasite loads in the rainy season, fewer individuals (2/16, 12.5%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms compared to the dry season (6/15, 40%). In conclusion, considerable prevalence of C. cayetanensis in Colombian indigenous people persists in the dry season. Low proportions of gastrointestinal symptoms along with higher parasite loads make colonization likely rather than infection.

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Comparison of commercial and in-house real-time PCR platforms for 15 parasites and microsporidia in human stool samples without a gold standard

Cited by 38 publications

References 61 publications

High Prevalence of Intestinal Pathogens in Indigenous in Colombia

High Prevalence of Intestinal Pathogens in Indigenous in Colombia

Enteric pathogens in German police officers after predominantly tropical deployments – A retrospective assessment over 5 years

Seasonal Differences in Cyclospora cayetanensis Prevalence in Colombian Indigenous People

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