Comparison of Combination Therapy Regimens for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients with Disseminated Bacteremia Due to<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>

T, May; Brel, F.; Beuscart, C.; Vincent, Véronique; Perronne, Christian; Doco‐Lecompte, T.; Saint-Marc, T; Dautzenberg, Bertrand; Grosset, J

doi:10.1086/513753

Cited by 49 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…During the present study, patients infected with M. kansasii were predominantly treated with rifampicin, ethambutol and isoniazid for 9 months, and only one relapse occurred. Patients with pulmonary MAC or M. xenopi disease are usually treated with multidrug regimens including rifampicin or rifabutin, ethambutol, isoniazid and clarithromycin [4,28,29]. In the current study, high mycobacterial clearance rates were observed when patients were treated with this combination plus another antibiotic, such as a fluoroquinolone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Respiratory infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-HIV patients

Dailloux

Abalain²,

Laurain³

et al. 2006

European Respiratory Journal

108

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The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary diseases in HIVnegative patients was studied prospectively from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003 by 32 sentinel sites distributed throughout France.In total, 262 patients who yielded NTM isolates from respiratory clinical specimens, met the bacteriological, radiological and clinical criteria established by the American Thoracic Society for NTM respiratory disease. Among the 262 NTM isolates, 234 were slow-growing mycobacteria (125 Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), 66 M. xenopi, 34 M. kansasii) and 28 were rapidly growing mycobacteria (25 M. abscessus complex). In the Paris area, M. xenopi was the most frequently isolated species, followed by MAC.Most patients (.50%), except those with M. kansasii, had underlying predisposing factors such as pre-existing pulmonary disease or immune deficiency. Asthenia, weight loss, chronic cough and dyspnoea were the most common clinical symptoms. The classical radiological appearance of NTM infections was indistinguishable from that observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.In summary, the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary infections in HIVnegative patients was estimated at 0.74, 0.73 and 0.72 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Respiratory infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-HIV patients

Dailloux

Abalain²,

Laurain³

et al. 2006

European Respiratory Journal

108

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“…The M. avium isolates included in the present study were obtained from the Institute Pasteur of Paris, Laboratoire de Référence des Mycobactéries, Paris, France (see Table S6 in the supplemental material). These isolates were all isolated from blood samples recovered from 93 AIDS patients over several months (14) and were typed by serotyping, by IS1245 RFLP analysis, in some cases by RFLP analysis with plasmids pVT2 and pLR7 as probes, and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (20).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Markers for TypingMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisandM. aviumStrains: Comparison with IS900and IS1245Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing

et al. 2007

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, affects a wide range of domestic ruminants and has been suggested to be involved in Crohn's disease in humans. Most available methods for identifying and differentiating strains of this difficult species are technically demanding and have limited discriminatory power. Here, we report the identification of novel PCR-based typing markers consisting of variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) of genetic elements called mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRUs). Eight markers were applied to 183 M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from bovine, caprine, ovine, cervine, leporine, and human origins from 10 different countries and to 82 human isolates of the closely related species M. avium from France. Among the M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates, 21 patterns were found by MIRU-VNTR typing, with a discriminatory index of 0.751. The predominant R01 IS900 restriction fragment length polymorphism type, comprising 131 isolates, was divided into 15 MIRU-VNTR types. Among the 82 M. avium isolates, the eight MIRU-VNTR loci distinguished 30 types, none of which was shared by M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates, resulting in a discriminatory index of 0.889. Our results suggest that MIRU-VNTR typing is a fast typing method that, in combination with other methods, might prove to be optimal for PCR-based molecular epidemiological studies of M. avium/M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis pathogens. In addition, presumably identical M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis 316F vaccine strains originating from the Weybridge laboratory and from different commercial batches from Mérial actually differed by one or both typing methods. These results indicate a substantial degree of genetic drift among different vaccine preparations, which has important implications for prophylactic approaches.

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“…More recently, macrolide-based combinations have improved survival compared with older regimens [16]. However, the long-term outcomes remained poor, and relapse still was common [17][18][19][20]. MAC infection remaining in tissue after the sterilization of blood is the probable source of relapses and may adversely influence longterm clinical responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Quantitative Bone Marrow and Blood Cultures in AIDS Patients with DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection

et al. 1999

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The relationship between Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection of blood and bone marrow was studied in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients before and during treatment. Quantitative cultures were obtained at baseline from 17 persons with newly detected MAC bacteremia. Serial blood cultures were obtained, and a second bone marrow sample was obtained at 4 or 8 weeks. At baseline, the median MAC load in bone marrow core samples was 3 log10 higher than in blood. Bone marrow MAC loads ranged widely (866-847,315 cfu/g), and no significant correlation was found between MAC load in blood and that in bone marrow core samples. MAC loads in bilateral bone marrow biopsy samples from 7 subjects were highly correlated. MAC loads declined in blood and bone marrow at similar rates during therapy, but blood was sterilized before bone marrow. Length of survival was inversely associated with initial bone marrow core MAC load but not with blood MAC load. Initiation of treatment when tissue MAC load is low may increase the likelihood of favorable clinical outcome.

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Comparison of Combination Therapy Regimens for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients with Disseminated Bacteremia Due toMycobacterium avium

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Respiratory infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-HIV patients

Respiratory infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-HIV patients

New Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Markers for TypingMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisandM. aviumStrains: Comparison with IS900and IS1245Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing

Correlation of Quantitative Bone Marrow and Blood Cultures in AIDS Patients with DisseminatedMycobacterium aviumComplex Infection

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