Comparison of Coated and Uncoated Trace Minerals on Growth Performance, Tissue Mineral Deposition, and Intestinal Microbiota in Ducks

Abstract

Abnormally low or high levels of trace elements in poultry diets may elicit health problems associated with deficiency and toxicity, and impact poultry growth. The optimal supplement pattern of trace mineral also impacts the digestion and absorption in the body. For ducks, the limited knowledge of trace element requirements puzzled duck production. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary inclusions of coated and uncoated trace minerals on duck growth performance, tissue mineral deposition, serum antioxidant status, and intestinal microbiota profile. A total of 1,080 14-day-old Cherry Valley male ducks were randomly divided into six dietary treatment groups in a 2 (uncoated or coated trace minerals) × 3 (300, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg supplementation levels) factorial design. Each treatment was replicated 12 times (15 birds per replicate). Coated trace minerals significantly improved average daily gain (p < 0.05), increased Zn, Se, and Fe content of serum, liver, and muscle, increased serum antioxidant enzyme (p < 0.05) and decreased the excreta Fe, Zn, and Cu concentrations. Inclusions of 500 mg/kg of coated trace minerals had a similar effect on serum trace minerals and tissue metal ion deposition as the 1,000 mg/kg inorganic trace minerals. Higher concentrations of Lactobacillus, Sphaerochatea, Butyricimonas, and Enterococcus were found in birds fed with coated trace minerals. In conclusion, diets supplemented with coated trace minerals could reduce the risk of environmental contamination from excreted minerals without affecting performance. Furthermore, coated trace minerals may improve the bioavailability of metal ions and the colonization of probiotic microbiota to protect microbial barriers and maintain gut health.

Gastrointestinal digestibility insights of different levels of coated complex trace minerals supplementation on growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers

“…Therefore, it is possible that dietary coated TMs may improve the growth of broilers by stimulating the enzyme activity of pancreatic tissue and small intestine and bile secretion involved in CP and CF digestibility. In the current study, the CP digestibility was greatly improved with increasing dietary coated complex TMs level, which is consistent with the Yin et al report on poultry ( 28 ). The CF digestibility was not affected by the increasingly dietary coated TMs levels in this study, which are consistent with the previously demonstrated study in poultry ( 28 , 38 ).…”

“…In the current study, the CP digestibility was greatly improved with increasing dietary coated complex TMs level, which is consistent with the Yin et al report on poultry ( 28 ). The CF digestibility was not affected by the increasingly dietary coated TMs levels in this study, which are consistent with the previously demonstrated study in poultry ( 28 , 38 ). But Wu et al ( 9 ) reported that CF digestibility was increased by increasing dietary copper level.…”

“…Despite the fact that there is little information about the effect of coated TMs on broiler performance, it is possible that controlling the release of trace metals in the gastrointestinal tract could improve the efficacy of ion metal absorption ( 27 ). Previous reports have found that coating technology has become a performance enhancer due to its high bioavailability ( 20 , 27 , 28 ). In this study, the F/G of yellow-feather broilers fed 600 mg/kg of coated complex TMs in the diets was the lowest.…”

“…In this study, the F/G of yellow-feather broilers fed 600 mg/kg of coated complex TMs in the diets was the lowest. Yin et al reported that the F/G of ducks fed 500 mg/kg coated TMs in the diets was the lowest ( 28 ). Rao et al ( 29 ) reported that the F/G was decreased by supplemented with low levels of organic TMs of their recommendations compared with those supplemented with 100% inorganic TMs.…”

Meat productivity and quality of meat and liver of broiler chickens after consuming diet with mineral supplements containing chelates of cuprum, iron, zinc, and manganese

“…Chelated microelements in poultry diet improve the general condition of their health, thereby enhancing their overall well-being and performance (Byrne & Murphy, 2022). Chelated microelements can improve the bioavailability of metal ions and promote colonization of probiotic microbiota, which strengthens microbial barriers and supports gut health (Yin et al, 2022). According to the research by Ghasemi et al (2020) andM'Sadeq et al (2018), such an approach resulted in increased absorption of minerals, promoting active growth, solidifying the bone tissue, improving slaughter parameters, and organoleptic properties of meat.…”