Comparison of Clinical Severity of Congenital Muscular Torticollis Based on the Method of Child Birth

Lee, Seung-Jae; Han, Jae Deok; Lee, Han Byul; Hwang, Jee Hyun; Kim, Se Yon; Park, Myong Chul; Yim, Shin-Young

doi:10.5535/arm.2011.35.5.641

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, torticollis also develops in infants who are delivered without a history of traumatic contraction or via cesarean section, which contradicts the birth trauma theory. Moreover, there are no evidences of hematoma or products of bleeding in histological findings of fibrous tissue [ 14 ]. The tilted cervical position of the fetus in the uterus may cause shortening of the SCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Affect the Rehabilitation Duration in Patients With Congenital Muscular Torticollis

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveTo determine which factors affect the rehabilitation duration in patients with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and to predict the duration of rehabilitation and prognosis.MethodsOne hundred and eighteen patients (79 males and 39 females) who were diagnosed with CMT and received physical therapy were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively reviewed the information in terms of sex, gestational age, birth weight, methods of delivery, fetal presentation, age at diagnosis, the affected sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle site, SCM muscle thickness, ratio of muscle thickness on the affected side to that on the unaffected side (called the 'abnormal/normal [A/N] ratio'), and range of motion for cervical rotation and side bending.ResultsThe SCM muscle thickness and A/N ratio had a positive linear relationship with the rehabilitation duration. Patients who were in the breech position needed longer rehabilitation. The birth weight and age at diagnosis were negatively correlated with the rehabilitation duration. However, the cervical range of motion, mass site, sex, gestational age, and methods of delivery were not correlated with the rehabilitation duration.ConclusionPatients with a thicker SCM, lower birth weight, and history of breech delivery had a longer rehabilitation duration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Affect the Rehabilitation Duration in Patients With Congenital Muscular Torticollis

et al. 2015

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“…Furthermore, strengthening exercises of the head and neck for correction of lateral tilt and trunk stabilization for correction of scoliotic curvatures were conducted. All the rehabilitation exercises were performed three to five times a week by experienced physical therapists and the treatment was ended when a full range of motion for neck rotation was obtained [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Surgical Release in Patients With Neglected Congenital Muscular Torticollis According to Age at the Time of Surgery

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveTo identify the correlation between change in spinal deformities after surgical release and age at the time of surgery, and the effectiveness of surgical release in patients with neglected congenital muscular torticollis (CMT).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 46 subjects with neglected CMT who had undergone surgical release at age ≥5 years at a tertiary medical center between January 2009 and January 2014. Spinal deformities were measured on anteroposterior plain radiographs of the cervical and whole spine, both preoperatively and postoperatively, to assess 3 parameters: cervicomandibular angle (CMA), lateral shift (LS), and Cobb angle (CA). We analyzed the change in spinal deformities after surgical release in consideration of age at the time of surgery.ResultsThe median age at the time of surgery was 12.87 years. All 3 parameters showed significant improvement after surgical release (median values, pre- to post-surgery: CMA, 12.13° to 4.02°; LS, 18.13 mm to 13.55 mm; CA, 6.10° to 4.80°; all p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between age at the time of surgery and change in CMA (R=0.145, p=0.341) and LS (R=0.103, p=0.608). However, CA showed significant improvement with increasing age (R=0.150, p=0.046).ConclusionWe assessed the correlation between change in spinal deformities after surgical release and age at the time of surgery. We found that that surgical release is effective for spinal deformities, even in older patients. These findings enhance our understanding of the effectiveness and timing of surgical release in patients with neglected CMT.

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“…The treatment was considered to be successful when the full range of motion of neck rotation was achieved. The treatment was considered to be unsuccessful when there was functional limitation of neck motion due to shortening of the unilateral SCM after 6 weeks of stretching exercise or objection to performing stretching exercise before the end of the treatment [ 9 ] ( Fig. 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Neck and Its Usefulness in Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Kim

Yim

2015

Ann Rehabil Med

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ObjectiveTo quantify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and to demonstrate the usefulness of quantitative MRI findings in the management of CMT.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 160 subjects with CMT who had undergone neck MRI at the age of 48 months or younger at a tertiary medical center. Among the 160 subjects, 54 had undergone surgical release of CMT and 106 subjects had not undergone surgery. For the quantitative analysis, the ratios of area and intensity of the MRI findings were measured and compared between the two groups (ratio of area = the largest cross-sectional area of the SCM with CMT - the cross-sectional area of the contralateral SCM without CMT / the cross-sectional area of the contralateral SCM without CMT; ratio of intensity = the mean gray color intensity of the contralateral SCM without CMT - the lowest mean gray color intensity of the SCM with CMT / the mean gray color intensity of the contralateral SCM without CMT). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted for the ratios of area and intensity in order to find the optimal cutoff value for determining the need for surgery in CMT cases.ResultsThe ratios of area and intensity were significantly higher in the surgical group than in the non-surgical group (p≤0.001), suggesting that the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) was thicker and darker in the surgical group than in the non-surgical group. The optimal cutoff value for the ratio of area was 0.17 and that for the ratio of intensity was 0.05. All subjects with a ratio of intensity less than 0.03 belonged to the non-surgical group, and all subjects with a ratio of intensity greater than 0.16 were categorized in the surgical group.ConclusionThe quantitative MRI findings, i.e., ratios of area and intensity, may provide a guideline for deciding the need for surgical intervention in CMT patients. Further prospective studies are required to verify these findings.

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Comparison of Clinical Severity of Congenital Muscular Torticollis Based on the Method of Child Birth

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Factors That Affect the Rehabilitation Duration in Patients With Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Factors That Affect the Rehabilitation Duration in Patients With Congenital Muscular Torticollis

Effectiveness of Surgical Release in Patients With Neglected Congenital Muscular Torticollis According to Age at the Time of Surgery

Quantitative Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Neck and Its Usefulness in Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis

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