Comparison of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride‐loaded protein, lipid, and chitosan nanoparticles for drug delivery

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop single dose delivery systems based on nanotechnology for prolonged antibiotic release in a controlled manner. Five different drug-carrier ratios of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride-loaded nanoparticles of albumin, gelatin, chitosan (CS), and lipid [solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)] were prepared and characterized. Average particle size was found to be in the range of 73 +/- 2 to 98 +/- 44 nm for SLNs, 140 +/- 7 to 175 +/- 24 nm for albumin nanoparticles, 143 +/- 18 to 184 +/- 27 nm for gelatin nanoparticles, and 247 +/- 48 to 322 +/- 52 nm for CS nanoparticles. A drug-to-carrier ratio of 0.5:1 was preferred for CS nanoparticles having zeta potential of >20 mV and drug encapsulation of 35.01% +/- 2.66%. Similarly, 0.6:1 ratio was preferred for albumin nanoparticles with zeta potential >16 mV and drug encapsulation 48.20% +/- 3.01%. Zeta potentials of gelatin nanoparticles loaded with ciprofloxacin suggested that they were unstable and prone to flocculation. SLN with 0.25:1 drug carrier ratio showed 38.71% +/- 2.38% drug entrapment and -28 +/- 1 mV surface charge. All the nanoparticles showed sustained drug release avoiding "burst effect" of the free drugs for up to 120 h for albumin nanoparticles, 96 h for CS and gelatin nanoparticles, and 80 h for SLNs. The drug release profiles followed Higuchi model. Results suggest that CS nanoparticles and SLNs can act as promising carriers for sustained ciprofloxacin release in infective conditions.

Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of curcumin-loaded albumin nanoparticles surface-functionalized with glycyrrhetinic acid

“…[14][15][16] As a consequence, BSA is a suitable nanocarrier for drug delivery, and is able to improve the solubility of lipophilic drugs and allow better controlled release. 17,18 Moreover, albumin nanoparticles (BNPs) provide multiple opportunities for surface functionalization because of the presence of functional carboxylic and amino groups on their surface. 19,20 In particular, conjugation of specific ligands to the surface of BNPs can be obtained by covalent binding.…”

Spherical nanocomposite particles prepared from mixed cellulose–chitosan solutions

“…Both biopolymers have b-glucosidic bonds and very similar structure. Their somewhat unique properties; especially the strong mechanical strength, biocompatibility and thermal stability of cellulose (Nishio 1994;Yamashiki et al 1990), and the wound healing, antibacterial properties of chitosan (Burkatovskaya et al 2006;Jain and Banerjee 2008;Kiyozumi et al 2006;Shepherd et al 1997), as well as their ability of self-assembly into intriguing micro-or nano-sized structures (Qiu and Hu 2013;Wu et al 2016;Zhang et al 2016), provide many options and ideas for functional materials design.…”

Cytocompatible cross-linking of electrospun zein fibers for the development of water-stable tissue engineering scaffolds

“…Moreover, proteins possess inherent complex structures which show tunable charges in different pH environments and also have hydrophobic sections capable of hydrophobic interactions. Thus, proteins show flexible adsorption to various substrates and, hence, the potential to serve as carriers of proteins, cells, drugs and growth factors [4,5]. Among the various types of biomaterials being developed, electrospun materials composed of ultra fine fibers are preferred for medical applications.…”