Comparison of characterization, antioxidant and immunological activities of three polysaccharides from Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

Gu, Jinyan; Zhang, Haihui; Yao, Hui; Zhou, Jie; Duan, Yuqing; Ma, Haile

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115939

Cited by 91 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Some fungi are also responsible for some diseases in plants and animals, which also can be as vegetables, such as the edible-medicinal fungi, which include mushrooms ( Lentinus edodes [ 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]; Grifola frondosa [ 58 ], Sagittaria sagittifolia L. [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]), and Cordyceps militaris ( C. militaris ) [ 62 ]. C. militaris is a type of precious edible-medicinal fungi widely distributed around the world.…”

Section: Sample Matrices Extracted By Subcritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products

et al. 2021

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Subcritical water refers to high-temperature and high-pressure water. A unique and useful characteristic of subcritical water is that its polarity can be dramatically decreased with increasing temperature. Therefore, subcritical water can behave similar to methanol or ethanol. This makes subcritical water a green extraction fluid used for a variety of organic species. This review focuses on the subcritical water extraction (SBWE) of natural products. The extracted materials include medicinal and seasoning herbs, vegetables, fruits, food by-products, algae, shrubs, tea leaves, grains, and seeds. A wide range of natural products such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, organic acids, polyphenolics, quinones, steroids, and terpenes have been extracted using subcritical water. Various SBWE systems and their advantages and drawbacks have also been discussed in this review. In addition, we have reviewed co-solvents including ethanol, methanol, salts, and ionic liquids used to assist SBWE. Other extraction techniques such as microwave and sonication combined with SBWE are also covered in this review. It is very clear that temperature has the most significant effect on SBWE efficiency, and thus, it can be optimized. The optimal temperature ranges from 130 to 240 °C for extracting the natural products mentioned above. This review can help readers learn more about the SBWE technology, especially for readers with an interest in the field of green extraction of natural products. The major advantage of SBWE of natural products is that water is nontoxic, and therefore, it is more suitable for the extraction of herbs, vegetables, and fruits. Another advantage is that no liquid waste disposal is required after SBWE. Compared with organic solvents, subcritical water not only has advantages in ecology, economy, and safety, but also its density, ion product, and dielectric constant can be adjusted by temperature. These tunable properties allow subcritical water to carry out class selective extractions such as extracting polar compounds at lower temperatures and less polar ingredients at higher temperatures. SBWE can mimic the traditional herbal decoction for preparing herbal medication and with higher extraction efficiency. Since SBWE employs high-temperature and high-pressure, great caution is needed for safe operation. Another challenge for application of SBWE is potential organic degradation under high temperature conditions. We highly recommend conducting analyte stability checks when carrying out SBWE. For analytes with poor SBWE efficiency, a small number of organic modifiers such as ethanol, surfactants, or ionic liquids may be added.

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Section: Sample Matrices Extracted By Subcritical Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products

et al. 2021

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“…The principal constituents of the FYJDHY granules were identified by thin-layer chromatography (LTC). Paeoniflorin, a representative component of herbal medicines, acting as a control for quality control purposes, was also quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 7 ]. The results are shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Effects and Associated Mechanisms by which “Fuyang Jiedu Huayu” Granules Treat Chronic Liver Failure in the Rat

Jiang

Lan

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Aim. Fuyang Jiedu Huayu (FYJDHY) granules are a combination of five traditional Chinese medicines with known therapeutic effects against chronic liver failure (CLF). The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of FYJDHY to ameliorate the effects of carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced CLF in rats and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic efficacy. Methods. A model of chronic liver failure was established by intraperitoneal injection of 50% carbon tetrachloride into SD rats for 8 weeks. After establishing the model, rats were treated with either low-dose (4.725 kg/d), medium-dose (9.45 kg/d), or high-dose (18.9 g/kg/d) FYJDHY for 2 weeks. After treatment, samples of liver tissue and blood were harvested from rats in each group. Serum ALT, AST, and TBIL levels and prothrombin time were measured using a biochemical analyzer. The expression of Gab1 (Grb2-associated binder 1), TPO (thrombopoietin), and its receptor c-Mpl were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, and assessment of histological improvement in liver tissue was by H&E-stained tissue sections. Results. Compared with the model group, serum ALT, AST, and TBIL levels and PT of rats in the intervention group were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05 ). In addition, FYJDHY alleviated pathological damage to liver tissue and increased the expression of Gab1, TPO, and its receptor c-Mpl in liver tissue, to levels statistically significant compared with the model group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions. The therapeutic effect of FYJDHY on CLF may be related to the promotion of angiogenesis and improvement in hemopoietic function in individuals suffering from CLF.

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“…The columns (PL aquagel-OH 8 µM, 300 × 7.5 mm), 100 µL of samples were eluted with 0.1 M sodium nitrate solution and 500 ppm sodium azide at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min -1 at 30°C for 30 min. [12] Dextran standards with different molecular weights (T1, T5, T10, T70, T500, and T2000) were used to conduct the standard calibration curve.…”

Section: Determination Of Molecular Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Congo red method was performed to determine the triple helix structure of the purified polysaccharides with slight modifications. [12][13][14] Shortly, 2 mL of polysaccharide solution (1 mg mL -1 ) was mixed gently with 2 mL of Congo red reagent (100 µmol L -1 ). Then, 6 mL of a gradient concentration of NaOH solutions (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mol L -1 ) were prepared.…”

Section: Congo Red Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Bioactive Properties of Polysaccharides from Sphallerocarpus gracilis

Assani

Wang

et al. 2021

Starch Stärke

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Four new polysaccharides, SGP‐1‐4, are isolated and purified from Sphallerocarpus gracilis (S. gracilis) . The monosaccharide analysis revealed that the isolated polysaccharides are composed of different molar ratios of glucose (Glu), galactose (Gal), rhamnose (Rha), mannose (Man), and arabinose (Ara). Congo red test showed that no triple helical structure is detected in SGP‐1‐4. The Zeta potentials of SGP‐1‐4 are negative. The antioxidant activities are evaluated using DPPH and Superoxide radical assays. In vitro antitumor activities are investigated by MTT assay and Calcein‐AM/PI staining confocal imaging. The hypolipidemic activities are measured by the bile‐salt binding capacity in vitro. The results indicated that SGP‐1‐4 possessed significant antioxidant and hypolipidemic abilities. At the concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, the purified polysaccharides possess no significant effects against MGC‐803 (Human gastric cancer cells), A2780 (Human ovarian cancer cells), T24 (Human bladder cancer cells), CNE‐2 (Human nasopharyngeal cancer cells), and 4T1 (Mouse breast cancer cells) tumor cells in vitro. However, the SGP‐2 shows potential as a DOX‐chemotherapy against 4T1 cells, which indicated that SGP‐2 could exert antitumor effects. These findings provide a scientific basis for the further use of S. gracilis polysaccharides as a natural antioxidant, antitumor, and hypolipidemic agent in industry.

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Comparison of characterization, antioxidant and immunological activities of three polysaccharides from Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

Cited by 91 publications

References 50 publications

Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products

Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products

Therapeutic Effects and Associated Mechanisms by which “Fuyang Jiedu Huayu” Granules Treat Chronic Liver Failure in the Rat

Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Bioactive Properties of Polysaccharides from Sphallerocarpus gracilis

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