Comparison of CFD and FSI Simulations of Blood Flow in Stenotic Coronary Arteries

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are amongst the main causes of death worldwide, and the main underlying pathological process is atherosclerosis. Over the years, fatty materials are accumulated in the arterial which consequently hinders the blood flow. Due to the great mortality rate of this disease, hemodynamic studies within stenotic arteries have been of great clinical interest, and computational methods have played an important role. Commonly, computational fluid dynamics methods, where only the blood flow behavior is considered, however, the study of both blood and artery walls’ interaction is of foremost importance. In this regard, in the present study, both computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction modeling analysis were performed in order to evaluate if the arterial wall compliance affects considerably the hemodynamic results obtained in idealized stenotic coronary models. From the overall results, it was observed that the influence of wall compliance was noteworthy on wall shear stress distribution, but its effect on the time-averaged wall shear stress and on the oscillatory shear index was minor.

Integrating Computational and Biological Hemodynamic Approaches to Improve Modeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries

“…CFD modeling focuses solely on the fluid domain and performs rigid body simulations, ignoring the viscoelastic behavior of the vessel wall. [ 72 ] FSI modeling couples fluids and structures in a multiphysics simulation that considers blood flow and vessel wall mechanics, [ 62 ] which are known to affect blood flow in atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. [ 73 ] The methodology to produce these simulations is similar for both types of modeling ( Figure 3 ).…”

Hemodynamic Analysis of Carotid Sinus with OpenFOAM and Machine Learning

“…These values provide an understanding of the behavior of blood flow in the plaque area. In order to understand the effect of artery stiffness, numerical studies have been conducted considering both rigid and fluidstructure interaction (FSI) models of the carotid artery [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. FSI takes a more realistic approach to simulate the problem, considering the effect of blood on the artery and deformation in the vessel walls.…”

Mathematical modeling of Williamson's model for blood flow inside permeable multiple stenosed arteries with electro-osmosis

“…Several studies have compared the di erences between Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid Solid Interaction (FSI) simulations; however, as demonstrated, there is still debate about whether the most realistic technique, namely calculating WSS-dependent variables, is necessary and the results are frequently contradictory. This paper compares the results of CFD and FSI simulations in an idealized stenotic coronary artery with 50% stenosis [50]. Although solid numerical techniques with the amazing computational power of computers are available to nd numerical solutions with great accuracy, the analytical solutions cannot be ignored.…”