Comparison of causative microorganisms of posttraumatic endophthalmitis with and without retained intraocular foreign bodies

Abstract

Background The goals of this work were to report the demographic characteristics of patients with clinically diagnosed endophthalmitis with or without intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and to analyze the causative microorganisms. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1257 patients with clinically diagnosed posttraumatic endophthalmitis who were admitted to Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 1, 2013, and August 31, 2020. Results Of the 1257 patients with clinically diagnosed posttraumatic endophthalmitis, 452 (36.0%) patients had IOFBs. Male dominance was more common among the patients with IOFBs than the patients without IOFBs. The average age of the patients with IOFBs was older than that of the patients without IOFBs. The most common microbial pathogens in these two groups were Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. Gram-positive bacilli were more common in the patients with IOFBs than in those without IOFBs (17.9 vs. 9.4%), and Bacillus spp. accounted for 12.6 and 5.5%, respectively. Fungi were less abundant in the patients with IOFBs than in those without IOFBs (8.0 vs. 15.6%). Conclusions Patients with IOFBs were mostly male and older than those without IOFBs. Gram-positive bacilli were more common and fungi were less common in patients with IOFBs than in those without IOFBs.

The Diagnostic Value of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 in Post-Traumatic Bacterial Endophthalmitis

“…CN-PTBE is frequently masked when bacteria are low in number and prior antibiotic administration is applied. 6 Infection with these nonculturable microorganisms would also lead to CN-PTBE. 25 The present study showed that sTREM-1 could be a biomarker of CN-PTBE and useful for distinguishing CN-PTBE from noninfected uveitis after open globe injury.…”

“… 5 Some patients with highly suspected infectious endophthalmitis have negative microbial culture results, further complicating the evaluation. 6 Earlier studies have found that culture-positive rate was low, ranging from 31.7% to 38.1%, 7 which might be related to prior antibiotic medication that may impede microbial development during culture. On the other hand, infection with a lower load of microorganisms will also lead to a low positive rate.…”

Use of Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis: A Case Report

“…The vast majority of endophthalmitis cases have an exogenous origin. The infection may occur after intraocular surgical procedures (cataract surgery, trabeculectomy, intravitreal injections, keratoplasty), penetrating ocular trauma, or pathogen infiltration following infections of the cornea (keratitis, corneal ulcer) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. On the other hand, endogenous endophthalmitis is caused by the hematogenous dissemination of microorganisms from the primary site of inflammation [2,9,10].…”

Loeselia mexicana: Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties by Soxhlet differential extraction

“…The association with respiratory, gastrointestinal, and topical pathologies associates the antimicrobial use of L. mexicana, since these pathologies are mainly responses to a bacterial infection such as A. baumanni (8), S. aureus (9)(10)(11)(12), E. coli (13,14), E. fecalis (9,(15)(16)(17), S. saprophyticus (18)(19)(20), S. typhimurium (21), E. Coli BLEE (14,22), M. morganii (23), among others, being necessary to establish if there is an antimicrobial effect. While topical use as a healing agent is associated with antioxidant effects to reduce the oxidative process (24), the other interesting study approach is to establish a correlation between the traditional uses of L. mexicana and a scientific basis, for which differential extraction studies allow establishing what type of metabolites are associated with biological activity and choose the appropriate extraction method.…”