Comparison of carotenoid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression between Valencia and Rohde Red Valencia sweet oranges

Xü, Wei; Chen, Chunxian; Yu, Qibin; Gady, Antoine; Yu, Yuan; Liang, Guolu; Gmitter, Frederick G.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.06.016

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The extracted pigments were resuspended in 200 μl ethyl acetate and analyzed immediately by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as described previously by Wei et al. (,b). The HPLC system consisted of an Agilent 1200 system with photodiode array detector (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 2 −ΔΔCT method was used to determine the relative expression of genes (Livak & Schmittgen, ). Elongation factor 1‐alpha ( EF1 ), F‐box/kelch‐repeat protein ( F‐box ), glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase GAPC1, cytosolic ( GAPC1 , also known as GAPDH ), and SAND family protein ( SAND ) were used as endogenous genes (reference genes) to normalize the data of gene expression (Mafra et al., ; Wei et al., ,b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase silencing on the primary and secondary metabolisms of citrus

et al. 2018

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δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is an important enzyme in tetrapyrrole synthesis. ALAD combines two δ‐aminolevulinic acid (δ‐ALA) molecules to form the pyrrole molecule, porphobilinogen, an important precursor for plant pigments involved in photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient uptake. In this study, we investigated the effects of silencing of ALAD gene on citrus leaf pigments and metabolites. The ALAD enzyme was inhibited using virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology using citrus tristeza virus (CTV). δ‐ALA accumulated in citrus plants inoculated with the recombinant virus (CTV‐tALAD) to silence ALAD and resulted in discrete yellow spots (yellow islands) and necrosis in leaves and stems. The levels of chlorophylls, starch, sucrose, trans‐ and cis‐violaxanthin, and α‐ and β‐cryptoxanthin were reduced in CTV‐tALAD plants, whereas zeaxanthin was increased. The increase in zeaxanthin and the decrease in its precursors indicated that the reduction in chlorophylls resulted in light damage. Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels, as well as emission of (E)‐α‐bergamotene and (E)‐β‐farnesene, increased in CTV‐tALAD plants indicating these plants were under stress. Our results showed that silencing of ALAD induces stress in plants and that VIGS using mild CTV strains is a promising technique to study biological function of citrus genes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase silencing on the primary and secondary metabolisms of citrus

et al. 2018

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“…Pinalate orange, a yellow mutant of Navelate orange, accumulates linear carotenoids in the flavedo to 90% of total carotenoids, much higher than the 2% for Navelate, and it was suggested that a defect in ζ-carotene desaturase ( ZDS ) or ZDS -associated factors may be the underlying reason 26 . Rohde Red Valencia orange, a mutant of Valencia orange with a deeper color, accumulates a higher level of β-cryptoxanthin and violaxanthin which was suggested to be related to higher expression of PDS , ZDS and zeaxanthin epoxidase ( ZEP ) 27 . Lycopene-accumulating mutants have been reported as early as the 1930s in several species including sweet oranges, grapefruits and pummelos 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytological and molecular characterization of carotenoid accumulation in normal and high-lycopene mutant oranges

Wang

Yin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Ripe Cara Cara sweet orange contains 25 times as much carotenoids in flesh as Newhall sweet orange, due to high accumulation of carotenes, mainly phytoene, lycopene and phytofluene. Only yellow globular chromoplasts were observed in Newhall flesh. Distinct yellow globular and red elongated crystalline chromoplasts were found in Cara Cara but only one type of chromoplast was present in each cell. The red crystalline chromoplasts contained lycopene as a dominant carotenoid and were associated with characteristic carotenoid sequestering structures. The increased accumulation of linear carotenes in Cara Cara is not explained by differences in expression of all 18 carotenogenic genes or gene family members examined, or sequence or abundance of mRNAs from phytoene synthase (PSY) and chromoplast-specific lycopene β-cyclase (CYCB) alleles. 2-(4-Chlorophenylthio)-triethylamine hydrochloride (CPTA) enhanced lycopene accumulation and induced occurrence of red crystalline chromoplasts in cultured Newhall juice vesicles, indicating that carotenoid synthesis and accumulation can directly affect chromoplast differentiation and structure. Norflurazon (NFZ) treatment resulted in high accumulation of phytoene and phytofluene in both oranges, and the biosynthetic activity upstream of phytoene desaturase was similar in Newhall and Cara Cara. Possible mechanisms for high carotene accumulation and unique development of red crystalline chromoplasts in Cara Cara are discussed.

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“…In citrus, carotenoids are the pigments responsible for the external and internal coloration of fruits, and their contents and compositions are important indexes for the quality of fruits. In the recent years, the accumulation of carotenoid in fruits of various citrus varieties has been studied, showing that the composition of carotenoid in juice sacs vary greatly among different varieties during the ripening process (Kato et al, 2004;Rodrigo et al, 2004;Rodrigo and Zacarías, 2007;Ríos et al, 2010;Ma et al, 2013;Wei et al, 2014). In Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of blue LED light intensity on carotenoid accumulation in citrus juice sacs

Zhang

Yamawaki

et al. 2015

Journal of Plant Physiology

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In the present study, the effects of blue LED light intensity on carotenoid accumulation and expression of genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis were investigated in the juice sacs of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) and Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) in vitro. The results showed that 100 μmol m(-2)s(-1) blue LED light (100B) was effective for increasing carotenoid content, especially β-cryptoxanthin, in Satsuma mandarin after cultured in vitro for four weeks. In Valencia orange, in contrast, 50 μmol m(-2)s(-1) blue LED light (50B) treatment was effective for inducing carotenoid accumulation through increasing the contents of two major carotenoids, all-trans-violaxanthin and 9-cis-violaxanthin. In addition, gene expression results showed that the simultaneous increases in the expression of genes (CitPSY, CitPDS, CitZDS, CitLCYb2, and CitHYb) involved in producing β,β-xanthophylls were well consistent with the accumulation of β-cryptoxanthin in Satsuma mandarin under 100B, and violaxanthin in Valencia orange under 50B. The results presented herein contribute to further elucidating the regulatory mechanism of carotenoid accumulation by blue LED light.

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Comparison of carotenoid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression between Valencia and Rohde Red Valencia sweet oranges

Cited by 49 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase silencing on the primary and secondary metabolisms of citrus

Effects of δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase silencing on the primary and secondary metabolisms of citrus

Cytological and molecular characterization of carotenoid accumulation in normal and high-lycopene mutant oranges

Effect of blue LED light intensity on carotenoid accumulation in citrus juice sacs

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