Comparison of calf weaning weight and associated economic variables between beef cows with and without serum antibodies against or isolation from feces of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis

Bhattarai, Bikash; Fosgate, Geoffrey T.; Osterstock, Jason B.; Fossler, Charles P.; Park, Seong C.; Roussel, Allen J.

doi:10.2460/javma.243.11.1609

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, calves from cows that test positive for MAP and produce less milk are more likely to weigh less than calves from MAPnegative cows. A study conducted by Bhattarai et al (2013) supports this hypothesis. Those authors found that the 205-d adjusted weaning weight of suckler calves from cows with strongly positive ELISA results was 21.48 kg (47.26 lb) less than that of calves from cows testing MAP negative.…”

Section: Economic Impact Related To Weight Loss and Meat Productionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The associated economic losses were estimated as $156.60/calf and $109.23/ calf for cows classified as heavy and moderate MAP shedders, respectively, and $57.49/calf for cows with strongly positive ELISA results. The results from the study conducted by Bhattarai et al (2013) indicate that the economic losses of paratuberculosis related to weight loss of calves in cattle production systems can be considerable. Similarly, the effect of MAP infections on slaughter weight and slaughter value of cows can be significant in terms of economic losses and animal welfare.…”

Section: Economic Impact Related To Weight Loss and Meat Productionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Higher economic annual losses (mean loss of $2,992; 95% CI: $143 to $9,741) were estimated in a study using data from an average Canadian dairy herd with 12.7% of cows seropositive for MAP (Tiwari et al, 2008). A recent US study conducted by Bhattarai et al (2013) reported an economic annual loss of $1,644 ($625-$3,250) due to paratuberculosis in a herd with 100 animals and a 7% true prevalence based on information obtained from producers. The same study reports a very similar estimation based on information collected from veterinarians of $1747 ($575-$3,375).…”

Section: Economic Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Invited review: The economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle

Garcia

Shalloo

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

183

124

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Paratuberculosis (also called Johne's disease) is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that affects ruminants and other animals. The epidemiology of paratuberculosis is complex and the clinical manifestations and economic impact of the disease in cattle can be variable depending on factors such as herd management, age, infection dose, and disease prevalence, among others. Additionally, considerable challenges are faced in the control of paratuberculosis in cattle, such as the lack of accurate and reliable diagnostic tests. Nevertheless, efforts are directed toward the control of this disease because it can cause substantial economic losses to the cattle industry mainly due to increased premature culling, replacement costs, decreased milk yield, reduced feed conversion efficiency, fertility problems, reduced slaughter values, and increased susceptibility to other diseases or conditions. The variability and uncertainty surrounding the estimations of paratuberculosis prevalence and impact influence the design, implementation, and efficiency of control programs in diverse areas of the world. This review covers important aspects of the economic impact and control of paratuberculosis, including challenges related to disease detection, estimations of the prevalence and economic effects of the disease, and the implementation of control programs. The control of paratuberculosis can improve animal health and welfare, increase productivity, reduce potential market problems, and increase overall business profitability. The benefits that can derive from the control of paratuberculosis need to be communicated to all industry stakeholders to promote the implementation of control programs. Moreover, if the suspected link between Johne's disease in ruminants and Crohn's disease in humans was established, significant economic losses could be expected, particularly for the dairy industry, making the control of this disease a priority across dairy industries internationally.

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Section: Economic Impact Related To Weight Loss and Meat Productionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Economic Impact Related To Weight Loss and Meat Productionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Economic Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Invited review: The economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle

Garcia

Shalloo

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

183

124

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“…More than half of the responses from both producers and veterinarians favored culling calves based on a positive test or suspect clinical signs in the dam. While calves from test positive dams are reported to have lower weaning weights [31], one producer indicated that such calves can still be fattened and sent to slaughter, which would be economically more rewarding than immediate removal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of veterinarians and producers concerning Johne’s disease prevalence and control in US beef cow-calf operations

et al. 2014

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BackgroundEfforts to educate producers and veterinarians in the United States regarding the management, prevention and control of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection have increased over recent years. While nationwide awareness about MAP infection is improving, current level of awareness among beef producers and veterinarians is largely unknown. This study compares the perceptions of beef producers and veterinarians on the burden of MAP infection in cow-calf herds and on measures to control new infections. Questionnaires were mailed to 989 US beef producers through state Designated Johne’s Coordinators and to 1080 bovine veterinarians belonging to a US nationwide professional association.ResultsTwenty-two percent (34/155) of producers reported having infected animals in their herds. The mean (minimum, median, maximum) prevalence reported by producers was 0.8% (0, 0, 10). Twenty-seven percent (27/100) of producers had at least one clinical animal during the previous year. Compared to the small herds (<50 head), the mean test-positive percentages and estimated prevalences were higher in medium (50–149) and highest in large (≥150) herds. Seedstock herds had a lower prevalence and these producers were more likely to enroll in Johne’s disease (JD) control programs and test their herds. Veterinarians reported a mean overall animal level prevalence in their client herds of 5% (0, 2, 60). Similarly, 26% (0, 10, 100) of client herds had at least one infected animal. Mean percentage of infected cows within infected herds was 9% (0.01, 5, 80). Producers generally performed activities to control MAP transmission more frequently than perceived by veterinarians. Compared to veterinarians’ opinions, producers were less likely to cull cows with signs consistent with JD (P < 0.01), but more likely to test purchased additions (P < 0.01). Testing recommendations by veterinarians (n = 277) for beef cow-calf herds were bacterial culture of feces (3%), PCR (14%), ELISA (35%) and a combination of these tests (47%). Seventy-nine percent of veterinarians recommended a 12-month interval between testing.ConclusionsSeedstock producers who had had JD risk assessments performed on their farms were more supportive of JD control programs and had a correspondingly lower prevalence. It is important to increase educational activities to provide relevant information to veterinarians and producers for better management and control of JD. Educational programs should target larger herds to maximize the impact.

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“…Raizman, Fetrow, and Wells () estimated the income over feed cost losses at $366 per MAP‐shedding cow per lactation, whereas Bhattarai et al. () estimated a loss of $1,644 US per 100 cows in a herd with a true prevalence of 7%. The cost of the disease to the US cattle industry was estimated at $250M US per year (Ott, Wells, & Wagner, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisinfection

Barkema

Orsel

Nielsen

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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SummaryIn the last decades, many regional and country-wide control programmes for Johne's disease (JD) were developed due to associated economic losses, or because of a possible association with Crohn's disease. These control programmes were often not successful, partly because management protocols were not followed, including the introduction of infected replacement cattle, because tests to identify infected animals were unreliable, and uptake by farmers was not high enough because of a perceived low return on investment. In the absence of a cure or effective commercial vaccines, control of JD is currently primarily based on herd management strategies to avoid infection of cattle and restrict within-farm and farm-to-farm transmission. Although JD control programmes have been implemented in most developed countries, lessons learned from JD prevention and control programmes are underreported. Also, JD control programmes are typically evaluated in a limited number of herds and the duration of the study is less than 5 year, making it difficult to adequately assess the efficacy of control programmes. In this manuscript, we identify the most important gaps in knowledge hampering JD prevention and control programmes, including vaccination and diagnostics. Secondly, we discuss directions that research should take to address those knowledge gaps. K E Y W O R D Scontrol, Johne's disease, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, prevention

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Comparison of calf weaning weight and associated economic variables between beef cows with and without serum antibodies against or isolation from feces of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis

Abstract: Calves from cows with MAP-positive test results had significantly lower AWWs than did calves from cows with MAP-negative test results, which translated into economic losses for MAP-infected beef herds.

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Invited review: The economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle

Invited review: The economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle

Perceptions of veterinarians and producers concerning Johne’s disease prevalence and control in US beef cow-calf operations

Knowledge gaps that hamper prevention and control ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisinfection

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