Comparison of Body Composition and Energy Intake of Young Female Ballet Dancers and Ordinary School Girls

Abstract

Communicated by Andris Ferdats

Energy and Macronutrient Intakes in Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…In young athletes, the lowest protein intake was 11.9±0.4%TEI 32 and the highest protein intake was 17.5±1.0%TEI 16 . In young non-athletes, the lowest was 12.5±0.5%TEI 32 and the highest was 20.7±5.1%TEI 33 ( Table 1 ). Protein intake was not significantly different between athletes and non-athletes (MD=–0.53%TEI, 95% CI [–1.35; 0.29], p =0.19).…”

“…However, the present meta-analysis revealed that, despite additional requirements related to sport practice, young athletes did not increase their protein intake compared to non-athletes (in %TEI). Lack of difference in protein intake between athletes and non-athletes could be partly explained by a somewhat high protein intake of non-athletes as suggested by the negative difference (-0.53 %TEI, p = 0.19) and some quite high values reported by Kalnina et al [33] (20.7 %TEI) and Moen et al [34] (17 %TEI). In France, the ESTEBAN survey (2014-2016) reported that 37 % of boys and 22 % of girls were considered to be high consumers of meat, fish and eggs, the main foods that provide protein [42].…”

“…However, 50 % of the studies matched the athlete groups to non-athletes for chronological age only without taking account of maturation. For example, Kalnina et al [33] did not strictly match children for sample size nor chronological age and did not control the biological age. They compared 31 athletes of median age 13 years (range 12-14) to17 non-athletes of median age 14 years (range [13][14][15].…”