Comparison of Blood Chemistry Values for Samples Collected from Juvenile Chinook Salmon by Three Methods

Congleton, James L.; LaVoie, William J.

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(2001)013<0168:cobcvf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Fork length ( L F ; to nearest mm) and mass (to 0·1 g) were recorded. Blood samples were taken by puncturing the caudal vessels with a 20‐gauge needle and aspirating a 0·2–0·4 ml sample of mixed arterial and venous blood into a heparinized syringe, a technique shown to minimize dilution by tissue fluids (Congleton & LaVoie, 2001). The blood samples were centrifuged (5 min at 1200 g ) and plasma recovered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood‐chemistry indicators of nutritional status in juvenile salmonids

Congleton

Wagner

2006

Journal of Fish Biology

150

115

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Three experiments were performed to determine the effects of food deprivation (21-35 days at 10-12°C) on selected blood-chemistry variables in juvenile salmonids. The experimental groups were laboratory-reared rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (RBT), laboratory-reared Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (LCS) and hatchery-reared, actively migrating Chinook salmon (MCS). After fasting, RBT and LCS were refed for 10 days. In fasted fishes, plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities decreased relatively rapidly, differing significantly (P 0Á05) from activities in fed control fishes after 1-2 weeks. Total protein (for all groups) and total cholesterol (for RBT and MCS) decreased relative to fed controls after 2-3 weeks, and total calcium (for RBT and MCS) after 3-4 weeks. Plasma ALP activities recovered after 10 days refeeding, but total protein, cholesterol and calcium concentrations did not. Triglyceride concentrations were highly variable and responded significantly to fasting only in the trial with RBT. Concentrations of some variables decreased (glucose and phosphorus) or increased (total magnesium) relative to control values during the initial days or weeks of fasting and then stabilized at new levels. Activities of four metabolic enzymes of intracellular origin (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase) did not differ significantly in the plasma of fed and fasted fishes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood‐chemistry indicators of nutritional status in juvenile salmonids

Congleton

Wagner

2006

Journal of Fish Biology

150

115

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“…Blood chemistry indices including enzymes, nutrients, metabolites, waste products, and inorganic ions have been used to detect cellular damage and measure the responses to metals [6,7]. Various responses were recorded in the serum of fish chemistry due to metal species, metal concentration, and exposure duration [8–10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in serum biochemical parameters of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following prolonged metal (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn) exposures

Öner

Atli

Canli

2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

209

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Fish serum may reflect status of many biochemical processes in the metabolism. Heavy metals, as environmental stressors, may alter serum biochemical parameters in fishes. Thus, freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus, were exposed to low levels (0.05 mg/L) of metals (silver [Ag], cadmium [Cd], copper [Cu], chromium [Cr], zinc [Zn]) to investigate responses of serum biochemical parameters over different exposure periods (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 d). Fish mortality occurred only in Ag exposure, as all fish died between days 12 to 16. Activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were altered only in Cu- and Cd-exposed fish. Both Cd and Cu exposures decreased the activity of ALP, although they increased the activities of ALT and AST. Glucose concentrations increased in Ag-, Cd-, and Cu-exposed fish, with a sharp increase occurring in Ag-exposed fish before mortality began. Total protein and triglyceride concentrations increased in Ag-exposed fish, although they decreased in Cu-exposed ones. However, all metal exposures increased cholesterol concentration in the serum. Concentration of blood urea nitrogen increased in Ag-, Cd-, and Cu-exposed fish, although it decreased in Cr-exposed ones. Calcium level decreased only in Cu-exposed fish, and Cl(-) level decreased in Ag-exposed fish. Silver and Cu exposures also decreased Na(+) level in the serum. Cadmium and Cu exposures increased serum K(+) levels. The present study, investigating the effects of environmentally realistic metal exposures on serum biochemical parameters, demonstrated that fish serum could sensitively reflect environmental metal stress. Thus, it suggests that serum biochemical parameters could be used as important and sensitive biomarkers in ecotoxicological studies concerning the effects of metal contamination and fish health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Serum Biochemical Parameters of Freshwater Fish Oreochromis niloticus Following Prolonged Metal (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn) Exposures

Öner¹,

Atli²,

Canli³

2007

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Fish serum may reflect status of many biochemical processes in the metabolism. Heavy metals, as environmental stressors, may alter serum biochemical parameters in fishes. Thus, freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus, were exposed to low levels (0.05 mg/L) of metals (silver [Ag], cadmium [Cd], copper [Cu], chromium [Cr], zinc [Zn]) to investigate responses of serum biochemical parameters over different exposure periods (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 d). Fish mortality occurred only in Ag exposure, as all fish died between days 12 to 16. Activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were altered only in Cu-and Cd-exposed fish. Both Cd and Cu exposures decreased the activity of ALP, although they increased the activities of ALT and AST. Glucose concentrations increased in Ag-, Cd-, and Cu-exposed fish, with a sharp increase occurring in Agexposed fish before mortality began. Total protein and triglyceride concentrations increased in Ag-exposed fish, although they decreased in Cu-exposed ones. However, all metal exposures increased cholesterol concentration in the serum. Concentration of blood urea nitrogen increased in Ag-, Cd-, and Cu-exposed fish, although it decreased in Cr-exposed ones. Calcium level decreased only in Cu-exposed fish, and Cl Ϫ level decreased in Ag-exposed fish. Silver and Cu exposures also decreased Na ϩ level in the serum. Cadmium and Cu exposures increased serum K ϩ levels. The present study, investigating the effects of environmentally realistic metal exposures on serum biochemical parameters, demonstrated that fish serum could sensitively reflect environmental metal stress. Thus, it suggests that serum biochemical parameters could be used as important and sensitive biomarkers in ecotoxicological studies concerning the effects of metal contamination and fish health.

show abstract

Comparison of Blood Chemistry Values for Samples Collected from Juvenile Chinook Salmon by Three Methods

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

Blood‐chemistry indicators of nutritional status in juvenile salmonids

Blood‐chemistry indicators of nutritional status in juvenile salmonids

Changes in serum biochemical parameters of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following prolonged metal (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn) exposures

Changes in Serum Biochemical Parameters of Freshwater Fish Oreochromis niloticus Following Prolonged Metal (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn) Exposures

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