Comparison of biochemical and cytotoxic activities of extracts obtained from dorsal spines and caudal fin of adult and juvenile non-native Caribbean lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles)

Sáenz, Aránzazu; Ortiz, Natalia; Lomonte, Bruno; Rucavado, Alexandra; Díaz, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.08.004

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although the neutral lipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol did not affect the hemolytic activity of SNTX and neoVTX [39,66], that which was induced by Sp-CTx in rabbit erythrocytes was inhibited by phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cholesterol [43]. Similar results regarding the role of differently charged lipids on the hemolytic activity were found for the venomous extract of the lionfish P. volitans [68], which is yet another indication that this venom contains cytolysins homologous to those identified in other fish species.…”

Section: The Ubiquitous Hemolytic Activity Of Fish Cytolysins: From T...supporting

confidence: 71%

Fish Cytolysins in All Their Complexity

Campos

Fiorotti

Coitinho

et al. 2021

Toxins

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The majority of the effects observed upon envenomation by scorpaenoid fish species can be reproduced by the cytolysins present in their venoms. Fish cytolysins are multifunctional proteins that elicit lethal, cytolytic, cardiovascular, inflammatory, nociceptive, and neuromuscular activities, representing a novel class of protein toxins. These large proteins (MW 150–320 kDa) are composed by two different subunits, termed α and β, with about 700 amino acid residues each, being usually active in oligomeric form. There is a high degree of similarity between the primary sequences of cytolysins from different fish species. This suggests these molecules share similar mechanisms of action, which, at least regarding the cytolytic activity, has been proved to involve pore formation. Although the remaining components of fish venoms have interesting biological activities, fish cytolysins stand out because of their multifunctional nature and their ability to reproduce the main events of envenomation on their own. Considerable knowledge about fish cytolysins has been accumulated over the years, although there remains much to be unveiled. In this review, we compiled and compared the current information on the biochemical aspects and pharmacological activities of fish cytolysins, going over their structures, activities, mechanisms of action, and perspectives for the future.

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