Comparison of batch and novel continuous electrocoagulation processes in the treatment of paint industry wash water

Abstract

Water is crucial to all life forms on earth. Still, millions of people are suffering from a lack of fresh water. The one of the most important reasons is industrial pollution. That is why more effective and economical water treatment systems must be developed and studied worldwide. In this study, a new design of continuous electrocoagulation systems is introduced and compared to widely studied batch process systems. This novel design improves the controllability of water flow and electricity. In the treatment of paint industry wash water, a batch system and a novel continuous electrocoagulation system with an aluminum (Al) anode and an iron (Fe) cathode were used. Two parallel analyses of both processes were conducted, and the average efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Al removal were 68% and 79.8% in batch and 69.7% and 62.1% in the continuous system, respectively. The number of microbes decreased by 99.6% in the batch and by 99.8% in the continuous system. The calculated operational costs in this experiment were 1.63 €/m 3 for the batch and 1.19 €/m 3 for the continuous system. The novel continuous electrocoagulation process was as efficient as the batch process in this study.

Phosphate and Ammonium Removal from Water through Electrochemical and Chemical Precipitation of Struvite

“…The patent defines how electrodes are located to each other an in the reactor. The test equipment used was similar to those used in our earlier study [30 The total area of effect (Aeff,c) was 307.2 cm 3 , and the total current (Ic) was set to 4.7 A. Th cleaning procedures were also similar to those described in our earlier study [17]. Th water flow was set to 8 L/h.…”

“…The patent defines how electrodes are located to each other and in the reactor. The test equipment used was similar to those used in our earlier study [30]. The total area of effect (A eff,c ) was 307.2 cm 3 , and the total current (I c ) was set to 4.7 A.…”

Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review

“…EC systems involve different techniques, such as coagulation, oxidation, flotation, and sedimentation, during water treatment [6]. As a result, EC has been used in various fields such as metal and pharmaceutical removal [5,10,13,[17][18][19][20]24,25]. In an EC system, the arrangement of electrodes could be one of three main types: parallel monopolar electrode connection (MP-P), series monopolar electrode connection (MP-S), and series bipolar electrode connection (BP-S) [3,26], all of which use DC current (Figure 1).…”

“…Since EC was first introduced in the late 19th century [3], it has been widely studied in different water treatment applications. Various models of EC processes [3][4][5][6][7] have been published. Most of these studies have focused on the removal of substances, such as nutrients [8,9], pharmaceuticals/bacteria [10,11], or metals [12,13].…”

“…Most of these studies have focused on the removal of substances, such as nutrients [8,9], pharmaceuticals/bacteria [10,11], or metals [12,13]. Several review studies have already been made on different EC technologies or processes [4][5][6][14][15][16] or on the removal of various substances [16][17][18][19][20]. Meanwhile, the demand for recycling has been increasing globally, and environmental regulations for all waste products are becoming stringent worldwide.…”