Comparison of barometric whole body plethysmography and its derived parameter enhanced pause (PENH) with conventional respiratory mechanics in healthy Beagle dogs

Hirt, Reinhard; Leinker, Sandra; Mosing, Martina; Wiederstein, Iris

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.05.025

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Penh is a dimensionless value that reflects changes in the waveform of the box pressure signal from both inspiration and expiration (PIP, PEP) and combines it with the timing comparison of early and late expiration (Pause). This has been previously shown to correlate well with airway resistance and breathing pattern [29, 41, 52, 62]. Penh was recorded over the 20 min period using the analyzer of Buxco system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Bradykinin sensitizes the cough reflex via a B2 receptor dependent activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels through metabolites of cyclooxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase

Al‐Shamlan

El-Hashim

2019

Respir Res

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Background Inhaled bradykinin (BK) has been reported to both sensitize and induce cough but whether BK can centrally sensitize the cough reflex is not fully established. In this study, using a conscious guinea-pig model of cough, we investigated the role of BK in the central sensitization of the cough reflex and in airway obstruction. Methods Drugs were administered, to guinea pigs, by the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) route. Aerosolized citric acid (0.2 M) was used to induce cough in a whole-body plethysmograph box, following i.c.v. infusion of drugs. An automated analyser recorded both cough and airway obstruction simultaneously. Results BK, administered by the i.c.v. route, dose-dependently enhanced the citric acid-induced cough and airway obstruction. This effect was inhibited following i.c.v. pretreatment with a B 2 receptor antagonist, TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels antagonists and cyclooxygenase (COX) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibitors. Furthermore, co-administration of submaximal doses of the TRPV1 and TRPA1 antagonists or the COX and 12-LOX inhibitors resulted in a greater inhibition of both cough reflex and airway obstruction. Conclusions Our findings show that central BK administration sensitizes cough and enhances airway obstruction via a B 2 receptor/TRPV1 and/or TRPA1 channels which are coupled via metabolites of COX and/or 12-LOX enzymes. In addition, combined blockade of TRPV1 and TRPA1 or COX and 12-LOX resulted in a greater inhibitory effect of both cough and airway obstruction. These results indicate that central B 2 receptors, TRPV1/TRPA1 channels and COX/12-LOX enzymes may represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cough hypersensitivity. Graphical abstract

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Bradykinin sensitizes the cough reflex via a B2 receptor dependent activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels through metabolites of cyclooxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase

Al‐Shamlan

El-Hashim

2019

Respir Res

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“…Pumped bias airflow maintains carbon dioxide levels, temperature and humidity at normal ranges enabling long-term measurements [24]. In previous studies using WBBP to assess respiratory function in 11 brachycephalic dogs [17] and other canine breeds [19,21,22,25], sedation has typically been used to reduce panting and movement making WBBP easier to interpret. However, a significant effect of sedation on respiratory parameters in experimental beagles was reported and the muscle relaxant properties of sedation could exacerbate any existing upper airway obstruction [19,26–28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome in French Bulldogs Using Whole-Body Barometric Plethysmography

et al. 2015

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Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is an important health and welfare problem in several popular dog breeds. Whole-body barometric plethysmography (WBBP) is a non-invasive method that allows safe and repeated quantitative measurements of respiratory cycles on unsedated dogs. Here respiratory flow traces in French bulldogs from the pet population were characterised using WBBP, and a computational application was developed to recognise affected animals. Eighty-nine French bulldogs and twenty non-brachycephalic controls underwent WBBP testing. A respiratory functional grading system was used on each dog based on respiratory signs (i.e. respiratory noise, effort, etc.) before and after exercise. For development of an objective BOAS classifier, functional Grades 0 and I were considered to have insignificant clinical signs (termed here BOAS-) and Grades II and III to have significant signs (termed here BOAS+). A comparison between owner-perception of BOAS and functional grading revealed that 60 % of owners failed to recognise BOAS in dogs that graded BOAS+ in this study.WBBP flow traces were found to be significantly different between non-brachycephalic controls and Grade 0 French bulldogs; BOAS- and BOAS+ French bulldogs. A classifier was developed using quadratic discriminant analysis of the respiratory parameters to distinguish BOAS- and BOAS + French bulldogs, and a BOAS Index was calculated for each dog. A cut-off value of the BOAS Index was selected based on a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the classifier on the training group (n=69) were 0.97, 0.93, 0.95, and 0.97, respectively. The classifier was validated using a test group of French bulldogs (n=20) with an accuracy of 0.95. WBBP offers objective screening for the diagnosis of BOAS in French Bulldogs. The technique may be applied to other brachycephalic breeds affected by BOAS, and possibly to other respiratory disease in dogs.

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“…In this context, in the present study we found that Penh correlated with RL in guinea pigs for two of the most commonly used bronchoconstrictor agonists, acetylcholine and histamine. It has been claimed that Penh is a less sensitive method to detect bronchoconstrictor responses to carbachol in beagle dogs (Hirt et al 2008) or to mechanical obstruction in rats (Kirschvink et al 2005), as compared with RL. Our study was in agreement with this postulate in the case of acetylcholine, but not concerning histamine, since both Penh and RL were equally capable of detecting progressive airway responses to increasing doses of this last agonist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway responsiveness measured by barometric plethysmography in guinea pigs

et al. 2010

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Barometric plethysmography has become an increasingly used method to indirectly measure respiratory function in unrestrained freely-moving animals. This technique has been criticized because of physiological uncertainty of its major index, the enhanced pause (Penh). Moreover, a recent study raises concerns that during histamine challenges part of the Penh response could be produced by upper airways (nasal) responses. In this study we compared airway responsiveness measured by barometric plethysmography and total lung resistance (RL: ) in guinea pigs, and evaluated the role of upper airways during Penh measurement. Our results showed that intravenous acetylcholine or histamine caused a dose-dependent increase of the Penh values in non-anesthetized guinea pigs, which were correlated with RL: values obtained in separate groups of anesthetized animals. In anesthetized but spontaneously breathing guinea pigs intravenous acetylcholine or histamine also produced a dose-dependent increment of Penh, which was similar regardless if guinea pigs breathed through the nose or through a tracheal tube. Our results suggest that, independently of the physiological meaning of Penh, this index seems to be a useful indirect measurement for evaluating airway responsiveness to intravenous agonists in guinea pigs, and that nasal passage seems not to be involved in this measurement.

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Comparison of barometric whole body plethysmography and its derived parameter enhanced pause (PENH) with conventional respiratory mechanics in healthy Beagle dogs

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Bradykinin sensitizes the cough reflex via a B2 receptor dependent activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels through metabolites of cyclooxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase

Bradykinin sensitizes the cough reflex via a B2 receptor dependent activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels through metabolites of cyclooxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase

Characterisation of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome in French Bulldogs Using Whole-Body Barometric Plethysmography

Airway responsiveness measured by barometric plethysmography in guinea pigs

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