Comparison of bacterioplankton communities in three mariculture ponds farming different commercial animals in subtropical Chinese coast

Abstract

In order to explore the responses of the bacterioplankton community to different types of aquaculture environments, three mariculture ponds comprised of groupers (Epinephelus diacanthus, ED), prawns (Penaeus vannamei, PV), and abalone (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, HDS) in southeast, coastal China were investigated. The free-living bacterial diversity was analyzed through the construction of 16S rDNA clone library. A total of 203 16S rDNA sequences from three clone libraries were classified into 118 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), of which 51, 31, and 42 OTUs were distributed in the ED, PV, and HDS pond, respectively, with Bacteroidetes (30.6%), Actinobacteria (55.2%), and Cyanobacteria (32.8%) as the dominant division in the respective ponds. Meanwhile, each pond occupied some unique OTUs that were affiliated with uncommon (sub-) phyla, such as candidate OP11 division, Acidobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Bacterial diversity in the ED pond was the richest, followed by the HDS and the PV pond. OTUs of 61.9% and 94.9% have less than 90% and 97% similarity to their nearest neighbors in public databases, respectively. All OTUs were grouped into 67 clusters, covering 11 (sub-) phyla. The OTUs only from single pond distributed in 53 clusters (79.1%), the OTUs shared by two ponds were affiliated with 14 clusters (20.9%), and none of clusters was formed by the OTUs which commonly originated from the three pond libraries, suggesting that the composition of bacterial populations in these ponds were significantly different. These results indicate that the aquatic environment created by different mariculture animals may foster very special and complex bacterial communities.NSFC [40632013, 40521003]; MOST [200805068, 2006BAC11B04

Anthropogenic perturbations in marine microbial communities

“…This apparent reduction in bacterial diversity due to aquaculture should be confirmed in other systems because it might not be a general finding. For example, Wei et al (2009) observed high bacterial diversity in fish ponds dedicated to the culture of two different species (grouper, Epinephelus diacanthus ; and abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta ), and they related this to the composition of the feeding supplied. However, it should be taken into account that fish pens and ponds are completely different aquaculture systems and therefore the effect on microbial communities might also be different.…”

Effects of an underground in situ pipe eco-farming system on mangrove bacterial communities in the Beilunhe Estuary, Guangxi, China

“…Previous studies have indicated that mariculture systems, including intensive fish and shrimp farms, integrated mangrove forest aquaculture systems and cage farms, are responsible for the discharge of significant quantities of effluent into the surrounding mangrove ecosystems (Troell et al, 1999;Fitzgerald, 2002;Wei et al, 2009;De Silva, 2012), due to the fact that nutrient enrichment and the presence of residual waste from the effluent alter bacterial communities (Zhang et al, 2009;Ghosh et al, 2010). However, fewer researchers investigated the bacterial community of seawater in mangroves affected by the mariculture.…”

Impact of prawn farming effluent on coral reef water nutrients and microorganisms

“…Apprill et al 2016), shows similar community changes in response to environmental aquaculture pollution (Sousa et al 2006, Garren et al 2008, Fodelianakis et al 2014, Xiong et al 2015. For example, in aquaculture environments such as a coastal shrimp pond in southeast China (Wei et al 2009) and a fish farm north of Crete, Greece (Fo -delianakis et al 2014), the seawater microbial communities had reduced phylogenetic diversity and experienced overall shifts in community composition. Increases in Proteobacteria, free-living bacteria, and virus-like particles were also noted in the oligotrophic reef waters of the Philippines, correlating with organic nutrient enrichment caused by a fish farm (Garren et al 2008).…”