Comparison of axial and flexural stresses in lordosis and three buckled configurations of the cervical spine

Harrison, Deed E.; Harrison, Donald D.; Janik, Tadeusz J.; Jones, Eliot; Cailliet, René; Normand, Martin

doi:10.1016/s0268-0033(01)00006-7

Cited by 85 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Its centre of gravity was localized in the region of the anterior inferior sella [8]. It could be fixed with flanges on the occiput of cadaveric specimens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three major factors which increase the relative risk of suffering a whiplash trauma in traffic accidents are an age between 20 and 30 years, female gender, and a collision from the rear [8,11,23,21]. With regard to the risk Abstract Whether injuries to the alar ligaments could be responsible for complaints of patients having whiplash injury in the upper cervical spine is still controversially discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro low-speed side collisions cause injury to the lower cervical spine but do not damage alar ligaments

et al. 2004

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“…Its centre of gravity was localized in the region of the anterior inferior sella [8]. It could be fixed with flanges on the occiput of cadaveric specimens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro low-speed side collisions cause injury to the lower cervical spine but do not damage alar ligaments

et al. 2004

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“…In this position, neck muscles must do much of the work to keep the head steady. Therefore, they become overloaded and finally injured 34) . Having breaks during work and having enough rest time were significantly associated with WMSDs-N.…”

Section: Workplace Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Display Terminal Use Increases the Prevalence and Risk of Work‐related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Chinese Office Workers: A Cross‐sectional Study

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational Health

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. Working in an office environment is widely known to be associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), which are a diverse set of conditions characterized by pain, aching, stiffness, fatigue, discomfort, tingling and/or numbness, generally appearing in the fingers, hand, wrist, elbow, arm, shoulder, neck and/or low back 2) . The literature consistently demonstrates that VDT users are at increased risk for neck and/or shoulder symptoms relative to the risk expected in low-exposure office or industrial tasks 3,4) . WMSDs in the neck (WMSDs-N) are the most common work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs), and a large range of individual, physical and psychosocial risk factors are associated with the development of WMSDs-N. Individual factors include age, gender, education level, smoking habits and so on; work-related physical factors include awkward posture during work, bending, static sedentary posture and task demands; work-related psychosocial factors include overtime and time spent working to meet deadlines [5][6][7] . In addition, several studies have shown that ergonomic factors (e.g., work station design) were possibly linked to WRUEDs Department of Occupational and EnvironmentalHealth, School of Public Health, Peking University, P.R. China-Objectives: Little is known about workrelated musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among computer users mainland China. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of WMSDs in office workers in Beijing, and to determine risk factors for WMSDs in the neck (WMSDs-N). Methods: In a crosssectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was delivered to 720 office workers who use a computer as a main working tool. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for risk factors. Results: The prevalence of WMSDs of the neck, shoulder, wrist/hand, upper back and low back amongst office workers were 55.5, 50.7, 31.5, 26.2 and 6.6%, respectively. Both individual risk factor and working condition factors were found to be independently related to WMSDs-N. Conclusions: The WMSDs prevalence rates among office workers in Beijing, China, were high. The most affected area was the neck. Preventive measures for office work should be focused on the neck (e.g., rest breaks). (J Occup Health 2012; 54: 34-43)

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“…1, 2). There is much discussion in the literature as to whether, from a biomechanical point of view, the loss of the physiological lordosis could be a possible cause of pain, due to muscular imbalance [34] or, in the case of kyphotic deformities, due to structural overload of the anterior parts of the spine [24,26]. Most of these studies have been in vitro experiments, although a recent study showed that, in individuals of around 40 years of age and with no kyphotic deformity, the mean cervical lordotic curve was lowest in a group with chronic neck pain and greatest in normal controls, with acute pain patients lying somewhere between the two [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between cervical spine curvature and neck pain

2006

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Degenerative changes of the cervical spine are commonly accompanied by a reduction or loss of the segmental or global lordosis, and are often considered to be a cause of neck pain. Nonetheless, such changes may also remain clinically silent. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the presence of neck pain and alterations of the normal cervical lordosis in people aged over 45 years. One hundred and seven volunteers, who were otherwise undergoing treatment for lower extremity problems in our hospital, took part. Sagittal radiographs of the cervical spine were taken and a questionnaire was completed, enquiring about neck pain and disability in the last 12 months. Based on the latter, subjects were divided into a group with neck pain (N = 54) and a group without neck pain (N = 53). The global curvature of the cervical spine (C2-C7) and each segmental angle were measured from the radiographs, using the posterior tangent method, and examined in relation to neck complaints. No significant difference between the two groups could be found in relation to the global curvature, the segmental angles, or the incidence of straight-spine or kyphotic deformity (P > 0.05). Twenty-three per cent of the people with neck pain and 17% of those without neck pain showed a segmental kyphosis deformity of more than 4°in at least one segment-most frequently at C4/5, closely followed by C5/6 and C3/4. The average segmental angle at the kyphotic level was 6.5°in the pain group and 6.3°i n the group without pain, with a range of 5-10°in each group. In the group with neck pain, there was no association between any of the clinical characteristics (duration, frequency, intensity of pain; radiating pain; sensory/motor disturbances; disability; healthcare utilisation) and either global cervical curvature or segmental angles. The presence of such structural abnormalities in the patient with neck pain must be considered coincidental, i.e. not necessarily indicative of the cause of pain. This should be given due consideration in the differential diagnosis of patients with neck pain.

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Comparison of axial and flexural stresses in lordosis and three buckled configurations of the cervical spine

Cited by 85 publications

References 38 publications

In vitro low-speed side collisions cause injury to the lower cervical spine but do not damage alar ligaments

In vitro low-speed side collisions cause injury to the lower cervical spine but do not damage alar ligaments

Visual Display Terminal Use Increases the Prevalence and Risk of Work‐related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Chinese Office Workers: A Cross‐sectional Study

The association between cervical spine curvature and neck pain

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