Comparison of atmospheric new particle formation events in three Central European cities

Németh, Zoltán; Rosati, Bernadette; Zíková, Naděžda; Salma, Imre; Bozó, László; España, Carmen Dameto de; Schwarz, Jaroslav; Ždı́mal, Vladimı́r; Wonaschütz, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.01.035

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Finally, three studies estimated the contribution of NPF to the ultrafine particle number concentration by applying sophisticated methods to a diurnal evolution of the particle number size distribution: Ma and Birmili (2015) reported this contribution to be 7%, 14% and 30% for roadside, urban background location and regional background site, respectively in Leipzig, Germany, while Salma et al (2017) reported it to be 13% and 37% in the city center and near-city background site, respectively, in Budabest, Hungary. Nemeth et al (2018) found that compared with central Budabest, the contribution of NPF to the ultrafine particle number concentrations is probably slightly lower at an urban background site in Vienna, Austria, but clearly larger at an urban background site in Prague, Czech Republic.…”

Section: Implications For the Particle Number And Ccn Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: review of field observations

Kerminen

Chen

Vakkari

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

425

405

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This review focuses on the observed characteristics of atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) in different environments of the global troposphere. After a short introduction, we will present a theoretical background that discusses the methods used to analyze measurement data on atmospheric NPF and the associated terminology. We will update on our current understanding of regional NPF, i.e. NPF taking simultaneously place over large spatial scales, and complement that with a full review on reported NPF and growth rates during regional NPF events. We will shortly review atmospheric NPF taking place at sub-regional scales. Since the growth of newly-formed particles into larger sizes is of great current interest, we will briefly discuss our observation-based understanding on which gaseous compounds contribute to the growth of newly-formed particles, and what implications this will have on atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei formation. We will finish the review with a summary of our main findings and future outlook that outlines the remaining research questions and needs for additional measurements.

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Section: Implications For the Particle Number And Ccn Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: review of field observations

Kerminen

Chen

Vakkari

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

425

405

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“…Ultrafine particles (particles with diameter smaller than 100 nm) typically make the greatest contribution in the total particle count, especially in urban environments (Németh et al, 2018), but a very small contribution to total volume and mass (Harrison et al, 2000). Research studies have indicated that ultrafine particles can cause pulmonary inflammation, may contribute to cardiovascular disease (Oberdörster, 2000) and have an increased possibility to penetrate the brain and central nervous system (Politis et al, 2008) compared to fine and coarser particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NPF is one of the main contributors of particles in the atmosphere (Spracklen et al, 2010;Kulmala et al, 2016;Rahman et al, 2017) and this relative contribution increases when moving from a kerbside to a rural area (Ma and Birmili, 2015). While NPF events in rural and remote areas have been widely studied for many years Dal Maso et al, 2005;Ehn et al, 2010;Dall'Osto et al, 2017;Kalkavouras et al, 2017), in urban areas intensive studies have started mainly in recent years (Jeong et al, 2010;Minguillón et al, 2015;Peng et al, 2017;Németh et al, 2018). Early studies in Birmingham, UK, highlighted the connection of NPF events with solar radiation (Shi et al, 2001) and a low condensation sink (Alam et al, 2003), a measure of pre-existing aerosol loading (Dal Maso et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of new particle formation (NPF) events at nearby rural, urban background and urban roadside sites

et al. 2019

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) events have different patterns of development depending on the conditions of the area in which they occur. In this study, particle size distributions in the range of 16.6–604 nm (7 years of data) were analysed and NPF events occurring at three sites of differing characteristics – rural Harwell (HAR), urban background North Kensington (NK), urban roadside Marylebone Road (MR), London, UK – were extracted and studied. The different atmospheric conditions in each study area not only have an effect on the frequency of the events, but also affect their development. The frequency of NPF events is similar at the rural and urban background locations (about 7 % of days), with a high proportion of events occurring at both sites on the same day (45 %). The frequency of NPF events at the urban roadside site is slightly less (6 % of days), and higher particle growth rates (average 5.5 nm h−1 at MR compared to 3.4 and 4.2 nm h−1 at HAR and NK respectively) must result from rapid gas-to-particle conversion of traffic-generated pollutants. A general pattern is found in which the condensation sink increases with the degree of pollution of the site, but this is counteracted by increased particle growth rates at the more polluted location. A key finding of this study is that the role of the urban environment leads to an increment of 20 % in N16–20 nm in the urban background compared to that of the rural area in NPF events occurring at both sites. The relationship of the origin of incoming air masses is also considered and an association of regional events with cleaner air masses is found. Due to lower availability of condensable species, NPF events that are associated with cleaner atmospheric conditions have lower growth rates of the newly formed particles. The decisive effect of the condensation sink in the development of NPF events and the survivability of the newly formed particles is underlined, and influences the overall contribution of NPF events to the number of ultrafine particles in an area. The other key factor identified by this study is the important role that pollution, both from traffic and other sources in the urban environment (such as heating or cooking), plays in new particle formation events.

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“…The other key factor identified by this study is the important role that urban pollution plays in new particle formation events. INTRODUCTION Ultrafine particles (particles with diameter smaller than 100 nm) typically make the greatest contribution in the total particle count, especially in urban environments (Németh et al, 2018), but a very small contribution to total volume and mass . Research studies have indicated that ultrafine particles can cause pulmonary inflammation and may contribute to cardiovascular disease (Oberdörster, 2000) and have increased possibility to penetrate the brain and central nervous system (Politis et al, 2008) compared to fine and coarser particles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While NPF events in rural and remote areas have been widely studied for many years Dal Maso et al, 2005;Ehn et al, 2010;Dall'Osto et al, 2017;Kalkavouras et al, 2017), in urban areas intensive studies have started mainly in recent years (Jeong et al, 2010;Minguillón et al, 2015;Peng et al, 2017;Németh et al, 2018). Early studies in Birmingham, UK highlighted the connection of NPF events with solar radiation (Shi et al, 2001) and a low condensation sink (Alam et al, 2003), a measure of pre-existing aerosol loading (Dal Maso et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of New Particle Formation (NPF) Events at Nearby Rural, Urban Background and Urban Roadside Sites

Bousiotis¹,

Dall’Osto²,

Beddows³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. NPF events have different patterns of development depending on the conditions of the area in which they occur. In this study, NPF events occurring at three sites of differing characteristics (rural Harwell (HAR), urban background North Kensington (NK), urban roadside Marylebone Road (MR), London, UK) were studied (seven years of data). The different atmospheric conditions in each study area not only have an effect on the frequency of the events, but also affect their development. The frequency of NPF events is similar at the rural and urban background locations (about 7&#8201;% of days), with a high proportion of events occurring at both sites on the same day (45&#8201;%). The frequency of NPF events at the urban roadside site is slightly less (6&#8201;% of days), and higher particle growth rates (average 5.5&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1 at MR compared to 3.4&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1 and 4.2&#8201;nm&#8201;h&#8722;1 at HAR and NK respectively) must result from rapid gas to particle conversion of traffic-generated pollutants. A general pattern is found in which the condensation sink increases with the degree of pollution of the site, but this is counteracted by increased particle growth rates at the more polluted location. A key finding of this study is that the role of the urban environment leads to an increment of 20&#8201;% in N16&#8211;20&#8201;nm in the urban background compared to that of the rural area in NPF events occurring at both sites. The relationship of the origin of incoming air masses is also considered and an association of regional events with cleaner air masses is found. Due to lower availability of condensable species, NPF events that are associated with cleaner atmospheric conditions have lower growth rates of the newly formed particles. The decisive effect of the condensation sink in the development of NPF events and the survivability of the newly formed particles is underlined, and influences the overall contribution of NPF events to the number of ultrafine particles in an area. The other key factor identified by this study is the important role that urban pollution plays in new particle formation events.

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Comparison of atmospheric new particle formation events in three Central European cities

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: review of field observations

Atmospheric new particle formation and growth: review of field observations

Analysis of new particle formation (NPF) events at nearby rural, urban background and urban roadside sites

Analysis of New Particle Formation (NPF) Events at Nearby Rural, Urban Background and Urban Roadside Sites

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