Comparison of Antibody Responses to a Potential Combination of Specific Glycolipids and Proteins for Test Sensitivity Improvement in Tuberculosis Serodiagnosis

Abstract

The humoral response to different proteinaceous antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is heterogeneous among patients with active disease, and this has originated in the proposal to use a combination of several specific antigens to find an efficient serodiagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) Serodiagnosis has been considered the Holy Grail of tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis research. A serological test would be the ideal method for implementation worldwide due to its low cost and simplicity. To replace the "gold standard," culture, a serological test should possess sensitivities of over 80% and test specificities of over.

Serodiagnostic Performance of Resat-6-CFP-10 in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Ethiopia

“…We found a higher sensitivity among smear positive compared to smear negative but culture positive pulmonary TB patients, a finding in agreement with previous reports [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Moreover, the sensitivity as well as the specificity of the antigen among HIV negative pulmonary TB patients in the present study were higher compared to the corresponding sensitivity and specificity among HIV positive pulmonary TB patients which is in agreement with a review on commercial rapid tests for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB [4].…”

Performance of Purified Antigens for Serodiagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a Meta-Analysis

“…Cord factor may contribute to the virulence of M. tuberculosis by facilitating cavity formation (38). Cord factor achieved a sensitivity of 69% (95% CI, 28 to 94) and a specificity of 91% (95% CI, 78 to 97) (43,44,101).…”

“…2,3,6,6Ј-Tetraacyltrehalose 2Ј-sulfate (sulfolipid I [SL-I]), a compound found abundantly in the M. tuberculosis cell wall, may affect the human immune system and play a role in the pathogenesis of TB (51). SL-I yielded a sensitivity of 80% (95% CI, 56 to 93) and a specificity of 59% (95% CI, 8 to 96) (43,44).…”

“…2,3-Diacyltrehalose (DAT), a component of the M. tuberculosis cell wall, has been postulated to play a role in modulating host immune responses (50). DAT yielded a sensitivity of 63% (95% CI, 45 to 78) and a specificity of 81% (95% CI, 50 to 96) (43,44,83,105).…”

“…2,3,6-Triacyltrehalose (TAT) is an antigenic glycolipid compound found in the M. tuberculosis cell wall (41,43). TAT provided a sensitivity of 81% (95% CI, 21 to 99) and a specificity of 44% (95 CI, 24 to 67) (43,44).…”