Comparison of Anterior Nares Viral Loads in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Individuals Diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 in a University Screening Program

Hall, Sarah; Landaverde, Lena; Gill, Christopher; Yee, G.; Sullivan, Madison; Doucette‐Stamm, Lynn; Landsberg, Hannah E.; Platt, Judy; White, Laura F.; Hamer, Davidson H.; Klapperich, Catherine M.

doi:10.1101/2022.01.12.22269139

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…According to published reports, between 32%-to-40% of the SARS-CoV-2 infected population is asymptomatic for COVID-19 conditions 47,48 with variability demonstrated across viral variants. Although studies suggest asymptomatic and presymptomatic persons exhibit lower viral loads, reduced viral shedding, and reduced infectivity 49 , more studies are required to quantify exposure risks especially as each new variant with unique phenotypes emerge.…”

Section: Covid-19 Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy – Part I

Williams

2023

MRAJ

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Background. Infectivity, genomic variability, and symptomatic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus represents a persistent challenge in the treatment of acute and long COVID-19 diseases. A direct consequence of pervasive ACE-2 receptors susceptible to the virion’s spike protein, disease trajectories commence as upper respiratory infection migrating into bronchia (presenting coughing, dyspnea, and fever), followed by viremic infection and circulatory distress from inflammation of visceral epithelium and vascular endothelia, decreased blood perfusion, and hypoxia. Severe cases include hyperinflammation, cytokine storms, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome with lung and nerve damage, and chronic cognitive deficits. Method. This paper (Part I) considers the requirements for treating acute and chronic COVID-19 with deep-tissue photobiomodulation (PBM) of sinuses, lungs and other ACE-2 populated organs using transdermal and transcranial light as a primary therapeutic modality. Analysis. A detailed analysis of optics, biophysics, numerical simulations, and quantum photochemistry for non-invasive deep tissue PBM of SARS-CoV-2 infected organs was performed including optical design, photonic control, irradiance, fluence, modulation, and protocols. Results. Analysis concludes large-area 3D bendable LED pads are best suited for deep-tissue PBM to transdermally treat whole-organ infection of the lungs, sinuses, abdominal cavity (and to transcranially treat long-COVID). Robotic laser scanning represents another viable option for deep-tissue PBM provided the optical angle of incidence is minimal. Penetration depth depends on wavelength (not optical power) with red (635nm) and NIR (850nm) shown to adequately penetrate through cutaneious tissue and parietal fascia into viscera. Conclusions. Red and NIR LEDs with average pulsed irradiances of 8.5 and 13.5 mW/cm2 respectively deliver hands-free whole-organ deep-tissue doses of between 0.5 to 4.0 J/cm2 in 60 min sessions from a surface dose of Pl/A = 40 J/cm2 depending on tissue transmission coefficients Yx at depth x>6mm. The designed photonic PBM system performs algorithmic variable frequency pulsed protocols covering up to 1,200 cm2. Duty factor control limits skin temperatures below 43°C irrespective of pulse modulating frequency. A mechanistic model for deep-tissue PBM, phenomenologically consistent with biophysics, photon penetration studies, COVID disease trajectories, and patient recovery profiles is presented. Part II details various acute and chronic case studies and positive outcomes thereof confirming PBM as a efficacious modality for COVID-19.

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Section: Covid-19 Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy – Part I

Williams

2023

MRAJ

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Stochastic Modeling of Dynamics of the Spread of COVID-19 Infection Taking Into Account the Heterogeneity of Population According To Immunological, Clinical and Epidemiological Criteria

Pertsev¹,

Loginov²,

Lukashev³

et al. 2022

Math.Biol.Bioinf.

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Here we present a stochastic model of the spread of Covid-19 infection in a certain region. The model is a continuous-discrete random process that takes into account a number of parallel processes, such as the non-stationary influx of latently infected individuals into the region, the passage by individuals of various stages of an infectious disease, the vaccination of the population, and the re-infection of some of the recovered and vaccinated individuals. The duration of stay of individuals in various stages of an infectious disease is described using distributions other than exponential. An algorithm for numerical statistical modeling of the dynamics of the spread of infection among the population of the region based on the Monte Carlo method has been developed. To calibrate the model, we used data describing the level of seroprevalence of the population of the Novosibirsk Region in the first wave of the Covid-19 epidemic in 2020. The results of computational experiments with the model are presented for studying the dynamics of the spread of infection under vaccination of the population of the region.

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High Prevalence of Undocumented SARS-CoV-2 Infections in the Pediatric Population of the Tyrolean District of Schwaz

Harthaller

Borena

Bante

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Complementing the adult seroprevalence data collected at the time of the rapid SARS-CoV-2 mass vaccination in the district of Schwaz in 2021, we set out to establish the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among the pediatric population of the district. A total of 369 children, mean age 9.9 (SD 3.4), participated in the study, answering a structured questionnaire on the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, household contacts, symptoms and history of vaccination. We determined binding and neutralizing antibody levels using plasma samples provided. We estimated the overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general pediatric population at the time of the study using the census data from Statistik Austria and daily reports of officially confirmed cases. Excluding study participants who reported a history of PCR-confirmed infection, the age-standardized seroprevalence of previously unknown SARS-CoV-2 infection among the general pediatric population of the district was 27% (95% CI: 26.1–27.8). Adding this to the officially documented cases, the true overall prevalence was 32.8% (95% CI: 31.9–33.6) in contrast to the officially documented 8.0% (95% CI: 7.5–8.5) by June 2021. This translated into a proportion of 75.7% (95% CI: 74.4–77.0) of cases being officially undocumented, suggesting a high extent of silent SARS-CoV-2 infections in the pediatric population and possibly silent transmission.

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Comparison of Anterior Nares Viral Loads in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Individuals Diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 in a University Screening Program

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy – Part I

The Emerging Role of Photobiomodulation in COVID-19 Therapy – Part I

Stochastic Modeling of Dynamics of the Spread of COVID-19 Infection Taking Into Account the Heterogeneity of Population According To Immunological, Clinical and Epidemiological Criteria

High Prevalence of Undocumented SARS-CoV-2 Infections in the Pediatric Population of the Tyrolean District of Schwaz

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