Comparison of air samples, nasal swabs, ear-skin swabs and environmental dust samples for detection of methicillin-resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>(MRSA) in pig herds

Agersø, Yvonne; Vigre, Håkan; Cavaco, Lina; Josefsen, Mathilde Hartmann

doi:10.1017/s095026881300280x

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It has previously been used for various types of housed poultry (6,20), as well as other farmed animals (1). Moreover, the flock contamination status for multiple bacterial pathogens could potentially be determined simultaneously by this form of air sampling (24), as evaluated by others, e.g., to test for bioterror-related microorganisms (11) and to monitor the quality of indoor air (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of this study was to assess the use of filter-based air sampling coupled with qPCR, using nonproprietary, open-formula methods and devices (1,6,20), for quantitative monitoring of Campylobacter in poultry houses as an alternative to collecting and analyzing boot swab samples. Three chicken (Gallus gallus) flocks in Poland were included, and air and boot swabs were sampled in parallel throughout an 8-week period.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Low-Cost Monitoring of Campylobacter in Poultry Houses by Air Sampling and Quantitative PCR

Søndergaard¹,

Josefsen²,

Löfström³

et al. 2014

Journal of Food Protection

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The present study describes the evaluation of a method for the quantification of Campylobacter by air sampling in poultry houses. Sampling was carried out in conventional chicken houses in Poland, in addition to a preliminary sampling in Denmark. Each measurement consisted of three air samples, two standard boot swab fecal samples, and one airborne particle count. Sampling was conducted over an 8-week period in three flocks, assessing the presence and levels of Campylobacter in boot swabs and air samples using quantitative real-time PCR. The detection limit for air sampling was approximately 100 Campylobacter cell equivalents (CCE)/m3. Airborne particle counts were used to analyze the size distribution of airborne particles (0.3 to 10 μm) in the chicken houses in relation to the level of airborne Campylobacter. No correlation was found. Using air sampling, Campylobacter was detected in the flocks right away, while boot swab samples were positive after 2 weeks. All samples collected were positive for Campylobacter from week 2 through the rest of the rearing period for both sampling techniques, although levels 1- to 2-log CCE higher were found with air sampling. At week 8, the levels were approximately 10(4) and 10(5) CCE per sample for boot swabs and air, respectively. In conclusion, using air samples combined with quantitative real-time PCR, Campylobacter contamination could be detected earlier than by boot swabs and was found to be a more convenient technique for monitoring and/or to obtain enumeration data useful for quantitative risk assessment of Campylobacter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost Monitoring of Campylobacter in Poultry Houses by Air Sampling and Quantitative PCR

Søndergaard¹,

Josefsen²,

Löfström³

et al. 2014

Journal of Food Protection

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“…Several studies have investigated the occurrence of MRSA in the air and on soil surfaces of pig barns. Most studies reported a low prevalence of LA-MRSA in air samples, nevertheless, the presence of MRSA in air samples may contribute to the spread of this strain in the natural environment [107][108][109][110].…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance In the Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Lineages in Wild Animals in Europe: A Review

et al. 2020

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Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunist pathogen that is responsible for numerous types of infections. S. aureus is known for its ability to easily acquire antibiotic resistance determinants. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of infections both in humans and animals and is usually associated with a multidrug-resistant profile. MRSA dissemination is increasing due to its capability of establishing new reservoirs and has been found in humans, animals and the environment. Despite the fact that the information on the incidence of MRSA in the environment and, in particular, in wild animals, is scarce, some studies have reported the presence of these strains among wildlife with no direct contact with antibiotics. This shows a possible transmission between species and, consequently, a public health concern. The aim of this review is to better understand the distribution, prevalence and molecular lineages of MRSA in European free-living animals.

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“…), the AirPort MD8‐sampler for 15 min (Agersø et al . ), the ASCI for 4–20 min (Madsen et al . ) and the Respicon for 3 h (Madsen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different sampling times are used for sampling airborne MRSA, for example EDCs sampled for 2 weeks (Dorado-Garcia et al 2013) and up to 7 days (Feld et al 2018), impingers for 30 min , IOM for 150 min , GilAir5 and GSP samplers for 6-10 h (Gilbert et al 2012) and for 5-8 h (Graveland et al 2012), GSP for 1 h (Angen et al 2017), the AirPort MD8-sampler for 15 min (Agersø et al 2013), the ASCI for 4-20 min (Madsen et al 2018a) and the Respicon for 3 h (Madsen et al 2018a) on animal farms and in a pig slaughterhouse. The samples are treated differently after sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of dust‐borneMRSAin pig farms using different approaches

et al. 2019

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Aims To obtain knowledge about (i) how to sample airborne methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and dust in the pig farm environment including effects of sampler on (a) measured exposure, (b) MRSA survival and (c) spatial and temporal variation in exposure, and (ii) the association between exposure to MRSA, dust and optical density OD. Methods and Results Airborne dust was sampled on five pig farms using five active and one passive samplers. Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA (as a subset of S. aureus) were quantified using selective agar media and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The Andersen sampler, electrostatic dust collectors (EDC), and Gesamtstaubprobenahme (GSP) and Institute of Occupational Medicine samplers with polycarbonate or Teflon filters were applicable for sampling airborne MRSA. The half‐life of MRSA was not reduced by active sampling. A significant correlation was found between dust and S. aureus exposure within, but not between, farm section and farms. A significant spatial and temporal variation in dust and MRSA exposure was found within a stable. The dust sampling rate and the concentration of MRSA in the sampled dust decreased after 5 days of sampling. Conclusion Sampling using the GSP can be performed for 1 h without affecting the following half‐life of MRSA. Sampling for MRSA using the EDC should not exceed 3 days due to overloading and the die‐off of MRSA. The measurement of OD may be used as a proxy measure for dust exposure. To obtain knowledge about potential exposure, samples should be taken repeatedly and in different areas within a stable section. Significance and Impact of the Study Sampling method, sampling time and number of samples taken, but not force of airflow on the filter, influence the measured potential exposure to MRSA and dust.

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Comparison of air samples, nasal swabs, ear-skin swabs and environmental dust samples for detection of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in pig herds

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Low-Cost Monitoring of Campylobacter in Poultry Houses by Air Sampling and Quantitative PCR

Low-Cost Monitoring of Campylobacter in Poultry Houses by Air Sampling and Quantitative PCR

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Lineages in Wild Animals in Europe: A Review

Measurement of dust‐borneMRSAin pig farms using different approaches

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