“…Previous literature identifies ambivalence toward pregnancy (Murray et al., 2013; Sales et al., 2012), perception of fidelity (Bonacquisti & Geller, 2013; Sales et al., 2012), and partner’s negative attitude toward condoms (Daniels et al., 2013; Mosher et al., 2012; Sales et al., 2012) as antecedents of condom nonuse. In addition, high homicide and incarceration rates of Black men (Chesson et al., 2012; Swartzendruber et al., 2012), high rates of concurrent relationships (Waldrop-Valverde et al., 2013), and high rates of screening among low-income women (Chow et al., 2012) have been noted as determinants of negative sexual health outcomes among Black women. More recent events such as the current opioid epidemic may be associated with increasing STD rates, as illicit drug users have more than twice the risk of contracting an STD as compared to those who do not use drugs (Acheampong et al., 2017).…”