Comparison of a Synthetic Chemical Lure and Standard Fermented Baits for TrappingDrosophila suzukii(Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Abstract

We determined the attractiveness of a new chemical lure compared with fermented food baits in use for trapping Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, spotted wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in Connecticut, New York, and Washington in the United States and at Dossenheim in Germany. The chemical lure (SWD lure) and food baits were compared in two types of traps: the dome trap and a cup trap. Regardless of trap type, numbers of male and female D. suzukii trapped were greater with the SWD lure compared with apple cider vinegar (ACV) baits at the Washington and New York sites, and were comparable with numbers of D. suzukii captured with a wine plus vinegar bait (W ϩ V) at Germany site and a combination bait meant to mimic W ϩ V at the Connecticut site. Averaged over both types of attractants, the numbers of D. suzukii captured were greater in dome traps than in cup traps in New York and Connecticut for both male and female D. suzukii and in Washington for male D. suzukii. No such differences were found between trap types at the Washington site for female and Germany for male and female D. suzukii. Assessments were also made of the number of large (Ͼ0.5 cm) and small (Ͻ0.5 cm) nontarget ßies trapped. The SWD lure captured fewer nontarget small ßies and more large ßies compared with ACV bait in New York and fewer nontarget small ßies compared with W ϩ V in Germany, although no such differences were found in Washington for the SWD lure versus ACV bait and in Connecticut for the SWD lure versus the combination bait, indicating that these effects are likely inßuenced by the local nontarget insect community active at the time of trapping. In New York, Connecticut, and Germany, dome traps caught more nontarget ßies compared with cup traps. Our results suggest that the four-component SWD chemical lure is an effective attractant for D. suzukii and could be used in place of fermented food-type baits.

The Evolution of Olfactory Gene Families inDrosophilaand the Genomic Basis of chemical-Ecological Adaptation inDrosophila suzukii

“…Nonetheless, our analyses point toward a role of fatty alcohols, aromatic compounds, and especially esters, which are clearly over-represented as ligands of duplicated/lost genes (compared with all other ORs) in D. suzukii (supplementary table S7, Supplementary Material online). Among esters, the most represented are ethyl butyrate and IPA; the latter is present in many ripening soft fruits that host D. suzukii (Revadi et al 2015), and is also released at a much higher concentration by fermenting materials such as wine and vinegar (Cha et al 2013). Our behavioral assays demonstrate that egg-laying females of D. suzukii are indeed attracted by lower amount of IPA than D. melanogaster are (fig 6C) .…”

Olfactory attraction of Drosophila suzukii by symbiotic acetic acid bacteria

“…Thus, a combination of the most effective substances could be used for optimizing the traps used in Integrated Pest Management of D. suzukii. Despite intensive research on specific chemical substances Cha et al 2013Cha et al , 2014Cha et al , 2015Burrack et al 2015), a clear direction to resolve the current problem of D. suzukii as a pest has not yet been established. Traps developed in the last few years have been unable to prevent crop damage while killing many non-target insects (Iglesias et al 2014;Asplen et al 2015).…”

Behavioral and Antennal Responses of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Volatiles From Fruit Extracts

“…A powerful lure for D. suzukii is one that can detect the first fly, and could thus determine when to initiate control measures, and has high selectivity. Recently, Cha et al (2013) developed a synthetic lure, based on fermentation products, to monitor D. suzukii. This synthetic lure captured more D. suzukii flies than an apple cider vinegar bait, and was also more selective, i.e., captured fewer non-target flies.…”